Mapeamento e diagnóstico da vulnerabilidade ambiental da Serra de Santana, região do Seridó-RN
Environmental planning and management in this century are important issues for society. The study of environmental vulnerability aims to indicate the potential and limitations of land use in the face of anthropogenic pressures on environmental systems and to contribute to an understanding of spat...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/58180 |
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| Resumo: | Environmental planning and management in this century are important issues for society. The
study of environmental vulnerability aims to indicate the potential and limitations of land use
in the face of anthropogenic pressures on environmental systems and to contribute to an
understanding of spatial reality in order to direct land management and planning. Historically,
the Santana mountain range has been occupied by agricultural practices, but in recent years its
spatial dynamics have undergone significant changes, with the advance of urbanization and
anthropisation of this humid enclave, leading to the degradation of native vegetation and
changes in land use. The aim of this research is to map and diagnose the environmental
vulnerability of the Serra de Santana, in the Seridó region of Rio Grande do Norte, based on a
systemic analysis of environmental variables and multi-criteria analysis using map algebra. To
this end, maps of the study area's environmental variables were generated: Relief Dissection
Index (RDI), Declivity, Geology, Vegetation, Pedology and Rainfall. In addition, temporal
mapping of Land Use was carried out to analyze and quantify the changes resulting from
use/cover and the mapping of Landscape Environmental Systems, based on an integrated
analysis of the environmental components, to support the diagnosis of the systems mapped for
the Santana mountain range. The results of the Land Use Mapping showed that its spatial
distribution has undergone significant changes over the years, especially with the increase in
wind farms, areas of degraded caatinga and exposed soil, with a consequent reduction in
dense vegetation, which corroborates the anthropogenic influence on the systems, as the
results indicate significant environmental degradation in these areas. Seven classes of
environmental systems were mapped for the study area. Of these systems, the Residual Crests
and Abrupt Escarpments, Dissected Eastern Slope and Subhumid Western Slope classes were
more susceptible to degradation, with a moderate to high degree of environmental
vulnerability. On the other hand, the Serrano Plateau and River Plains and Alluvial Tablelands
environmental systems were moderately stable to moderately stable/vulnerable, configuring
transitional environments with a tendency towards stability. The Environmental Vulnerability
Mapping showed five vulnerability classes for the study area: Stable, Moderately Stable,
Moderately Stable/Vulnerable, Moderately Vulnerable and Vulnerable. The Stable and
Moderately Stable classes occur to a greater extent in the plateau areas, the edges of the relief
that are more preserved in terms of land use, being on favorable relief over stable lithologies
and soils. However, the Vulnerable class was classified in areas of steep relief, with a high
level of dissection and in areas dominated by anthropogenic activity. The map of
environmental systems corroborates the territory's environmental vulnerability, in which there
are classes with a high potential for ecodynamic fragility and systems with medium to
moderate vulnerability. It is therefore hoped that this research will contribute to understanding
the environmental dynamics of the landscape in this area of significant landscape/ecosystem
interest, and that it will help in the management and planning of these areas with a view to
conservation and the sustainable development of the territory. |
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