Covid-19 e medidas de restrição: uma análise sobre o conservadorismo contábil
This dissertation consists of two chapters. In the first chapter, we sought to identify the behavior of conservatism in companies in Latin America (LA) before and during the economic crisis resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. The second chapter analyzed the relationship between the restriction mea...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/57796 |
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| Resumo: | This dissertation consists of two chapters. In the first chapter, we sought to identify the behavior of conservatism in companies in Latin America (LA) before and during the economic crisis resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. The second chapter analyzed the relationship between the restriction measures adopted by Latin American countries to combat COVID-19 and the level of conservatism of companies listed on their stock exchanges during the market downturn. For this, in both surveys, there was a selection of countries that have the largest and main Stock Exchanges in LA, which were: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru, and had the model used to measure conservatism that of Ball and Shivakumar (2005) and the Thomson Reuters Eikon® platform was used to collect data. The period adopted in chapter 1 was from 2014 to 2019 (before the crisis) and from 2020 to 2021 (during the crisis), in which a sample of 492 companies and 2,573 observations was obtained. Multilevel regression was used from three levels on unbalanced panel data. Based on the results, it is inferred that companies in Latin America adopt a conservative stance both before and during periods of crisis. However, during these phases of economic recession, there is a tendency towards an increase in the level of conservatism, since organizations had opportunistic recognition of gains during the period of recession, followed by their reversal in subsequent periods, signaling accounting strategies that aim to deal with the uncertainties and volatility associated with this uncertain period of the pandemic. In Chapter 2, the period adopted was 2020 and 2021, through regression on panel data. Initially, the restriction measures adopted by each country were calculated, seeking to categorize them into groups with different levels of restriction, based on the measures implemented by each of them. Data for this analysis was obtained from the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT), developed by the Blavatnik School of Government at the University of Oxford. Next, an analysis of the degree of conservatism present in each of these groups was carried out, using the aforementioned model, through panel data regression. Finally, the variable that quantifies the restriction measures adopted by each group was incorporated as an integral part of this analysis process. The results show that Argentina, Colombia, Chile and Peru were the countries that most implemented measures to combat COVID-19, being considered more restrictive. On the other hand, Brazil and Mexico adopted fewer restrictions, being classified as less restricted. The analysis indicated that companies from less restrictive countries presented a more conservative stance in their financial statements, however, there was no evidence that conservatism was directly impacted by the restriction measures. |
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