Eficiência dos sistemas de captação de água de chuva frente às mudanças climáticas: estudo de caso para o semiárido brasileiro
The natural conditions of the Northeastern semiarid region, combined with population growth and anticipated climate changes, are factors that are likely to increase pressure on water infrastructure in the coming years in this region. One mitigating factor for this issue is the harvesting of rainw...
Na minha lista:
| Autor principal: | |
|---|---|
| Outros Autores: | |
| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
|
| Assuntos: | |
| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/57330 |
| Tags: |
Adicionar Tag
Sem tags, seja o primeiro a adicionar uma tag!
|
| Resumo: | The natural conditions of the Northeastern semiarid region, combined with population growth
and anticipated climate changes, are factors that are likely to increase pressure on water
infrastructure in the coming years in this region. One mitigating factor for this issue is the
harvesting of rainwater in households, a time-tested and still relevant solution to improve water
access, especially in areas with low water availability. However, uncertainties in the region's
climate patterns and the specificities in the design and demand of rainwater harvesting systems
are aspects that need to be studied so that actions promoting water security can be effectively
implemented. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the efficiency of rainwater harvesting
systems in the face of climate changes in the Brazilian semiarid region. For this purpose, a case
study was conducted applying the Monte Carlo Simulation method to perform various
simulations of rainwater harvesting systems, considering different combinations of reservoir
volume, water demand, catchment area, and rainfall patterns. These variables serve as inputs to
the water balance model of the rainwater harvesting system, where the impact of these
combinations on system efficiency was analyzed. The effect of climate change on rainfall was
considered for two distinct periods: the recent climate (1979 – 2005) and the future climate
(2023 – 2052) from three Global Climate Models (GCMs) under two climate change scenarios
(RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5). In general, low volumetric reliabilities were achieved in all simulations,
and the reference efficiency of 90% was attained in a small percentage of the analyzed
situations. Nevertheless, the simulated recent climate, both with observed precipitation data and
data from climate models, presents a more favorable condition in meeting demands than the
future climate. Furthermore, meeting water demands through cisterns is likely to be more
adversely affected in a more pessimistic radiative forcing scenario. Therefore, the results of this
research underscore the need for the adoption of adaptation measures to climate change in the
Brazilian semiarid region. Additionally, they emphasize the importance of considering the
specificities of each household in the development of rainwater harvesting system projects, as
these aspects are crucial to ensuring the proper efficiency of these systems in meeting their demands. |
|---|