Ambiente alimentar e sua relação com insegurança alimentar e condições socioeconômicas
Introduction: The food environment is the physical, economic, political and sociocultural context in which each consumer engages with the food system to acquire, prepare and consume food. This environment involves the availability, accessibility, convenience, promotion, quality and sustainability...
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| Định dạng: | doctoralThesis |
| Ngôn ngữ: | pt_BR |
| Được phát hành: |
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Những chủ đề: | |
| Truy cập trực tuyến: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/55394 |
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| Tóm tắt: | Introduction: The food environment is the physical, economic, political and sociocultural
context in which each consumer engages with the food system to acquire, prepare and consume
food. This environment involves the availability, accessibility, convenience, promotion, quality
and sustainability of food. Compromising access to and availability of healthy foods in
sufficient quantities characterizes food insecurity. Objective: To analyze the food environment
and its relationship with the occurrence of food insecurity at home and socioeconomic
conditions. Method: It is a study of different methods. 1) Systematic review on the relationship
between food environments and food insecurity, based on a systematic literature search in the
PubMed, Web of Science, Science Direct, EMBASE and LILACS databases in January 2023.
2) Ecological study with census tracts of the city of Natal-RN, based on the identification of
food acquisition establishments, grouped in the categories of in-natura or minimally processed,
ultra-processed or mixed. Food deserts were calculated by the density of healthy establishments
divided by 10,000 inhabitants and classified as less than or equal to the 25th percentile. We
used socioeconomic data from the 2010 Census. Multiple Poisson regression was used to
observe the relationship between the existence of food deserts and swamps and social
infrastructure. 3) This is a cross-sectional, population-based study with individual demographic,
socioeconomic and food insecurity data from the Brazuca Natal Study and the relationship with
the census tracts classified into food deserts, food swamps, socioeconomic conditions in the
sector and at home. Results: In the systematic review, 22 articles were included, 18 of which
found an association between food environments and food (in)security, the majority being in
developed countries, in the global North. In the ecological study, it was identified that 51.45%
of the food acquisition establishments in the city were of the ultra-processed type. There was a
higher density of food establishments in regions with better socioeconomic conditions. The
census sectors classified as food deserts were associated with household conditions and worse
infrastructure in the sector. While the sectors identified as a food swamp, with better
infrastructure in the sector. In the cross-sectional study, food insecurity was found in 42.3% of
respondents, associated with individual and sector demographic and socioeconomic variables.
Deserts and food swamps did not show a spatial distribution pattern and were not associated
with food insecurity. Conclusion: There are inequalities in the distribution of different food
acquisition establishments in the city of Natal/RN, with a predominance of food swamps. Thus,
actions are needed to improve the sectors' infrastructure, decentralize the supply of healthy
foods and limit the sale of ultra-processed foods, with a view to ensuring healthy food choices. It is important that new studies assess the different dimensions of the food environment, to allow a better identification of factors associated with food insecurity in different socioeconomic contexts. |
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