Origens do desenvolvimento do estado desamparado em zebrafish (Danio rerio): influência do estresse precoce e da exposição fetal ao álcool
Several events that occur in the early years of ontogenetic development can cause disturbances that are observed later, such as behavioral and cognitive changes that appear in youth or even in adulthood. The developmental origins of health and disease (DOHAD) links the occurrence of early disorde...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/55199 |
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| Resumo: | Several events that occur in the early years of ontogenetic development can cause
disturbances that are observed later, such as behavioral and cognitive changes that appear
in youth or even in adulthood. The developmental origins of health and disease (DOHAD)
links the occurrence of early disorders, early in ontogeny, to the development of later
physiological, behavioral, and psychological disorders. Several stressors present in the
environment are considered risk factors, these stressors are conceptualized as
circumstances that threaten physical integrity or psychological well-being, and can bring
various harm to health. In this sense, the present work aimed to examine the influence of
unpredictable emotional stress (ECI) and alcohol exposure in the early stages of
development (embryonic and larval stages) on the helpless behavior of zebrafish. In the
state of helplessness, individuals have difficulties in the alert response and in the ability
to avoid adverse situations as a result of exposure to uncontrollable aversive stimuli. Thus,
in the first chapter, we propose a new tool to assess the state of helplessness in zebrafish,
the hypoxia escape test. We observed that the proposed test is efficient in stimulating the
escape motivation, which is preserved in controlled animals and in animals treated with
anxiolytics. However, escape was significantly reduced in animals previously exposed to
ECI and alcohol, as well as in animals treated with a monoamine reuptake blocking agent
(reserpine). In the second chapter, we used the same stressors (ECI and alcohol) and tested
helpless-like behavior through the tail grasp test and active shock avoidance (protocols
already validated). We observed that stressors were able to influence the development of
depression and helplessness in both testicles. Finally, our results indicate that exposure to
aversive events early in life (represented by ECI and fetal alcohol exposure) may
contribute to the development of the helpless state. In addition, our study shows that the
zebrafish is a suitable animal model for tests that address states of depression and
helplessness, and highlights the importance of the model as a tool in the search for
therapies and treatments that can alleviate or prevent the development of this condition. |
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