Fungos Micorrízicos Arbusculares (Glomeromycota) em vegetações distintas em um brejo de altitude no nordeste brasileiro
The “Brejos de altitude” are “islands” of humid forests surrounded by dry vegetation, characterized as part of the Atlantic Forest, in the Caatinga Domain. These environments are areas with privileged characteristics and conditions in terms of soil and air humidity, temperature and vegetation cove...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/54749 |
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| Resumo: | The “Brejos de altitude” are “islands” of humid forests surrounded by dry vegetation, characterized
as part of the Atlantic Forest, in the Caatinga Domain. These environments are areas with privileged
characteristics and conditions in terms of soil and air humidity, temperature and vegetation cover.
Those factors influence the development of microorganisms. However, these areas are scarce in
studies on diversity, mostly Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF). These fungi, which form
extensive symbiosis with plant roots, are important for increasing nutrient absorption zone and
promoting plant growth. However, knowledge of the diversity, richness and ecological strategies of
these fungi in high altitude areas still incipient and requires further research. For this reason, we
compare AMF communities between different phytophysiognomies in an brejos de altitude of the
Caatinga Domain. For this, soil and litter samples were collected during the rainy season of
January/2022, in the Ubajara National Park, Ceará State. Two approaches were used to assess
richness and diversity of AMF in different phytophysiognomies, (i) extraction of glomerospores by
wet sieving and centrifugation in water and sucrose (70%) for the soil and (ii) collection of
glomerocarps, using tweezers and the aid of a magnifying glass hand to the litter. Species were
evaluated for frequency of occurrence and abundance and classified as dominant, common, very
common or rare. They were subjected to diversity indices, in addition to assessing differences in
community composition with a PERMANOVA and ANOVA to test differences in absolute species
richness. Fifty-four AMF species were found, of which 39 occurred in the humid forest soil and 39
in the dry forest soil. Only 14 species occurred in the litter; being 10 in the humid forest and seven in
the dry forest. Some species were identified only for one type of vegetation and/or substrate. The
predominant community consisted of rare and few dominant species. PERMANOVA showed that
AMF communities differ between vegetation types, between substrate types and in their interactions.
This indicates that AMFs have a preference for environments and/or strips of the terrestrial
substrate. It also demonstrates the importance of environments such as Brejos de altitude as
reservoirs of biodiversity. In addition, new methods can expand knowledge about the ecology of the group. |
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