Câncer de mama e colo de útero: análise do acesso aos métodos de rastreio em Caicó
According to INCA, the estimate for Brazil for the three-year period 2020-2022 was 625,000 new cases of cancer per year. In women, breast cancer (29.7%) and cervical cancer (7.4%) are among the main cancers, with an estimate that breast cancer causes 15% of deaths from all types of câncer, and ce...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/54509 |
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| Resumo: | According to INCA, the estimate for Brazil for the three-year period 2020-2022 was
625,000 new cases of cancer per year. In women, breast cancer (29.7%) and cervical
cancer (7.4%) are among the main cancers, with an estimate that breast cancer causes
15% of deaths from all types of câncer, and cervical cancer causes approximately
530,000 cases and 275,000 deaths each year. Some types of cancer have screening
methods that can diagnose them at an early stage, such as breast cancer, for which
the Ministry of Health recommends screening with mammography, in women between
50 and 69 years old, and cervical cancer, for which the recommendation is to perform
the cytopathological examination in women aged 25 to 64 years. Considering that
cancer is in the group of the four diseases that kills the most early, that its incidence
has been increasing due to population aging, that not all types have effective
prevention methods and that some have simple and cheap early screening methods,
it is questionable whether the population comprised in the age groups recommended
by the Ministry of Health for the screening of breast and cervical cancers have
adequate coverage of such exams. This work aims to evaluate the population
coverage of the screening methods available for breast and cervical cancer of the
female population recommended for screening in Caicó/RN from 2014 to 2020. In this
municipality, a large population coverage of mammography exams was observed,
being similar to the RN and both are superior to the other regions. In the association
between the percentage of mammograms performed in the analyzed period and the
percentage of deaths from breast cancer in relation to the total number of
mammograms performed, for the four regions analyzed, statistically significant,
inversely proportional and strong correlations were identified between these variables.
These results mean that in the analyzed period, when there was an increase in the
percentage of exams performed, there was a decrease in the percentage of deaths
from this type of cancer in relation to the total number of mammograms performed.
Screening data for cervical cancer show that the municipality of Caicó has an average
about twice as high as the national, regional and state scenarios. In the association
between the percentage of preventive exams performed and the percentage of deaths
from cervical cancer in relation to the total number of cytologies performed, for all
regions under study, a significant, inversely proportional and strong correlation was
identified between these variables for the period analyzed. That is, as there was an
increase in the percentage of preventive exams, there was a decrease in the
percentage of deaths from cervical cancer. The female population included in the age
groups recommended by the Ministry of Health for breast cancer and cervical cancer
screening in the municipality of Caicó have adequate coverage for the available methods. |
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