Análise ergonômica das atividades dos usuários das academias ao ar livre e os riscos de lesões musculoesqueléticas
This dissertation aimed to analyze the Outdoor´s Gym (OG) in public spaces, which were implanted in Brazil, with the purpose of providing the population with the practice of physical activity, in order to minimize morbidity and mortality rates, as part of a public health policy. This study aims t...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/52608 |
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| Resumo: | This dissertation aimed to analyze the Outdoor´s Gym (OG) in public spaces,
which were implanted in Brazil, with the purpose of providing the population with the
practice of physical activity, in order to minimize morbidity and mortality rates, as part
of a public health policy. This study aims to classify the users and the physical activities
performed by them in the OG`s, analyze the existing physical activity programs,
analyze the physical practices performed by the users and the risks of associated with
musculoskeletal injuries and evaluate the determinants of the adopted management
system in the OG, that can interfere with the quality of the practices of the physical
activities and, consequently, in the generation of risks of injury in the users. In order to
do so, a mapping of the OGs existing in the town of Parnamirim/RN, Brazil, was carried
out, followed by a case study, in which the Ergonomic Work Analysis (EWA) method
was adopted and the observational and interactive relevant techniques. The case
study was carried out in the OG of Monsenhor Walfredo Gurgel park located in the
same town. The subject population of the study is composed by 41 practitioners of OG
physical activity, which 70.7% are women. The occurrence of musculoskeletal injuries
was reported by 9.8% of OG users. It was also observed that the physical activities
performed by the individuals in the most used equipment, arriving at the following data:
presence of pain in 85.3% of the users; physical activity with a frequency of 4 to 7 times
per week, by 73.1% of users; 48.8% of the subject remained in the park for up to 60
min per day; 82.9% attended the OG for more than 2 years; and 87.7% of users walk
up to 3 km to reach the park and 82.9% of the user reaches the park walking. It was
observed, in different contexts of use in the OG physical activity equipment, the
existence of different modes of use adopted by users when performing the physical
activity, such as the biomechanics used in the execution of the exercise, in certain
cases, was wrong and not recommended, forcing musculoskeletal injuries. This
scenario is even more favored, among other factors, when it is verified that the
presence of multidisciplinary team of professionals to assist and guide users is not
available, 100% of the OG users used the equipment without specialized professional
supervision, 100% carried out the physical activities without a specific program and the
possibility of adjusting the equipment to the user anthropometry is not existing, since
100% of the OG equipment does not have adjusting settings. In general, the OG equipment and physical space do not meet the requirements of comfort, safety and
accessibility. In order to minimize the risk of musculoskeletal injury among users of
OG, it is recommended to: create and consolidate a public physical activity program
for OG users that takes into account the singularities of each one, the user’s physical
activity program, and which were elaborated by their respective professionals, and
orient them when performing the physical activity; the creation of multidisciplinary
teams of professionals to assist and guide users; the procurement steps to buy the
equipment, which prioritize the needs of the population, based on epidemiological
studies, safety, comfort, ergonomic, accessibility, durability and equipment regulation
criteria; the creation of a preventive and corrective maintenance plan for the
equipment; the elaboration and execution of OG projects associated with the park
those project should provide safety, comfort, well-being and beauty to the population,
in order to favor physical activity in OG´s; the implementation of a program of health
and quality of life for the town`s population, that contemplates the program of physical activity in OG´s. |
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