Vigilância da qualidade da água para consumo humano: scoping review
Drinking water is indispensable for life, recognized by the United Nations as a fundamental human right, it is one of the goals of the Sustainable Development Goals, as it guides access to safe water for all and the elimination of water-borne diseases until 2030. Water quality is a health protect...
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| Formato: | doctoralThesis |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/51974 |
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| Resumo: | Drinking water is indispensable for life, recognized by the United Nations as a fundamental
human right, it is one of the goals of the Sustainable Development Goals, as it guides access to
safe water for all and the elimination of water-borne diseases until 2030. Water quality is a
health protection factor and is given through essential requirements oriented by countries, or
based on guidelines published by the World Health Organization, translated into the standard
of quality and potability. It is recommended that drinking water be the object of surveillance
actions and with that, it becomes relevant to analyze how these actions have been developed on
the world stage. The objective of this thesis is to map the actions of surveillance of the drinking
water quality developed by government agencies or public health services. As specific
objectives: a) Propose a scoping review protocol to identify and map global actions and
initiatives to monitor the quality of drinking water implemented by government agencies or
public health services; b) Identify drinking water quality surveillance actions and initiatives
implemented by government agencies or public health services. This is a scoping review, based
on recommendations from the Joanna Briggs Institute. The 9 steps were followed: definition
and alignment of research objectives and questions; development and alignment of inclusion
criteria; description of evidence selection; search for evidence; evidence selection; evidence
extraction; evidence analysis; results presentation; summary of evidence, conclusions and
implications of findings. Stakeholders were consulted to share the results of the review. The
study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Hospital Universitário Onofre
Lopes. The results supported the writing of two articles, being (1) “Surveillance of Drinking
Water Quality Worldwide: Scoping Review Protocol” and (2) “Worldwide surveillance actions
and initiatives of drinking water quality: a scoping review”. The study protocol highlighted the
characteristics and methodological steps that guided the review, favoring replicability and
reliability of the research process, providing scientific rigor to the work. The scoping review
identified and mapped the drinking water quality surveillance actions developed, their impacts
and results, producing four classes: (1) evaluation of coverage, accessibility, quantity and
quality of water for human consumption in situations routine and emergencies; (2) analysis of
physical-chemical and microbiological parameters in public supply networks and alternative
water supply solutions; (3) Identification of household water contamination, communication
and education with the community and (4) Investigation of outbreaks of water-borne diseases,
which detailed important actions and results in the countries, allowing the comparability and
identification of the main challenges object of these actions. The study identified important issues that need to be analyzed so that drinking water quality surveillance actions can contribute to safe access to water. |
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