Concepção, projeto e análise estrutural de um tubo de choque acadêmico
The shock tube is an equipment used in laboratory studies on supersonic flows, providing data on the flight conditions in which the aerospace vehicles will find themselves. The Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) has stainless steel tubes – donated by the Institute of Advanced Studie...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/51928 |
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| Resumo: | The shock tube is an equipment used in laboratory studies on supersonic flows, providing
data on the flight conditions in which the aerospace vehicles will find themselves. The
Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN) has stainless steel tubes – donated by
the Institute of Advanced Studies (IEAv) – intended for the construction of the Institution's
first shock tube. The objective of the research carried out was to make the construction of
the equipment technically feasible. The correct sizing of the components is a fundamental
part of the project, being essential to prevent accidents and control measurement errors
during the tests, since it is a device subjected to high pressures. Structural modeling
through software allows reducing material waste and operational risks during the
construction of prototypes. Boundary conditions and applied loads must be rigorously
selected, to provide a good level of confidence to the research results and, thus, constitute a
guide for the execution of the academic project in a technical way. For this, the following
were carried out and are presented here: calculations of the flow conditions; modeling and
structural analysis of the high pressure (driver) and low pressure (driven) sections of the
academic shock tube, considering the dimensions of the stainless-steel tubes available at
UFRN; in addition to determining the efforts to which the tubes will be submitted when the
equipment becomes operational. Analytical (Lamé Equations) and numerical (Ansys
Mechanical) results of circumferential, radial and von Mises stresses were compared by
means of their percentage variations. Autodesk Inventor was also used for simulations and
comparisons with Ansys Mechanical results. Both the driver and the driven were analyzed
considering their ends closed by means of flanges and thus treated as pressure vessels.
Ansys Mechanical and Autodesk Inventor software were used in the analysis, with
discretization of the models by mesh generation and application of the Finite Element
Method. A pressure of 70 atm (7.09 MPa) was applied to the inner surface of the highpressure section during calculations and computer simulation, while other pressures
generated in the flow were calculated and applied to the low pressure section. All pressures
were also multiplied by four to assess the impact of this change in stresses. Based on the
results obtained for von Mises stresses, circumferential stresses, and radial stresses, it was
found that, considering the properties of stainless steel AISI 304 and steel SAE 4140, the
available tubes will withstand the workloads within the operating range to which they will
be subjected without implying any risk of damage, in view of the first stage of the UFRN academic shock tube construction project. |
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