Transmissão perinatal do citomegalovírus em recém-nascidos pré-termo através do leite materno
Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a double-stranded linear DNA virus and has a wide distribution worldwide. Breastfeeding represents an important route of perinatal transmission of CMV from mother to child. The aim of this study was to evaluate the perinatal transmission of CMV in premature newborns...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
| Publicado em: |
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/50925 |
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| Resumo: | Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a double-stranded linear DNA virus and has a wide
distribution worldwide. Breastfeeding represents an important route of perinatal
transmission of CMV from mother to child. The aim of this study was to evaluate the
perinatal transmission of CMV in premature newborns (NB) from a NICU through
breastfeeding. The study was observational, longitudinal cohort, prospective,
involving premature newborns admitted to the NICU of the Januário Cicco Maternity
School (MEJC) between September 2021 and June 2022 with gestational age less
than 33 weeks or birth weight less than 1500g. All mothers underwent postpartum
blood draws and were tested for CMV seropositivity. The biological samples of
preterm infants' urine and breast milk were submitted to molecular biology techniques
(extraction, PCR, and electrophoresis). Clinical and laboratory data were obtained
from medical records. The results showed seropositivity for IgG anti-CMV antibodies
in 76/77 mothers (98.70%) and IgM in 3/77 patients (3.90%). The rate of virus
detection in breast milk was analyzed in 21/63 (33%) mothers with available milk
samples. The CMV-excreting mothers group had a lower median maternal age
compared to the non-excreting mothers group with statistically significant differences.
Birth weight was lower for the group of preterm infants born to mothers excreting
CMV in milk (1,171 ± 390) compared to the group of preterm infants born to mothers
not excreting CMV in milk (1,450 ± 450) with statistically significant differences. The
incidence of perinatal infection via breast milk was analyzed in 3/45 (6.66%) RNs
with available urine samples. It was not possible to associate perinatal infection with
clinical symptoms and risk factors for disease development due to the limited
incidence of perinatal infection cases. Therefore, developing new multicenter,
prospective studies with premature infants are crucial to definitively establish the true
risk/benefit balance of CMV exposure through breastfeeding with fresh breast milk in NICU settings. |
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