Covid-19 e saneamento básico: relações e impactos
This work proposes to establish the theoretical-scientific aspects that allow to perceive the effects of basic sanitation in the prevention and combat of pandemics caused by viruses, mainly, the current pandemic of COVID-19. Making connections between concepts and things, based on a broad bibliog...
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Saneamento básico Covid-19 Doenças de veiculação hídrica Esgoto CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
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Saneamento básico Covid-19 Doenças de veiculação hídrica Esgoto CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA Silva, Rafaela Alves Vicente Rodrigues da Covid-19 e saneamento básico: relações e impactos |
| description |
This work proposes to establish the theoretical-scientific aspects that
allow to perceive the effects of basic sanitation in the prevention and combat of
pandemics caused by viruses, mainly, the current pandemic of COVID-19. Making
connections between concepts and things, based on a broad bibliographic investigation
that allows extracting important information on the thematic axis contained in the
coronavirus-basic sanitation binomial. The research developed is of an exploratory type
combined with a descriptive one, with a quali-quantitative approach. Classic materials,
government platforms and scientific publications were consulted. COVID-19 reinforced
the importance of access to basic sanitation for public health. However, it is difficult to
guarantee hygiene actions when not everyone has access to treated water, sewage
collection and treatment. Some of the factors that may be associated with the incidence
of cases or mortality rates of this disease are sanitation conditions. The main route of
transmission of the virus is via contaminated aerosols and respiratory droplets. However,
the presence of the genetic material of SARS-COV-2 in the feces of infected people
aroused interest in studies related to the possibility of oral-fecal transmission through
untreated sewage, contaminated water supply and even the bioaerosols produced in
ETEs. Due to the high number of infected people, there is an interest in analyzing other
possible routes of transmission and how access to sanitation in Brazil influences the fight
against the disease, since the persistence of the virus in the environment has not yet been
completely clarified. The Brazilian population is estimated at more than 200 million
inhabitants distributed throughout the five macro-regions with different demographic
densities, sociocultural aspects and access to sanitation services. The North and
Northeast macro-regions have the worst rates of water supply, sewage collection and
treatment. Despite this, these regions had lower rates of cases and deaths from COVID19. On the other hand, two of the best regions served by basic sanitation services, the
Midwest and Southeast, had the highest accumulated deaths until June 2022. It can be
seen that the lack of sanitation has been causing long-term deaths from waterborne
diseases in the However, with investments in the sanitation sector, it is possible to reduce
the number of hospitalizations and deaths, in addition to assisting in preventive measures
to combat infectious diseases. It was also found that poor sanitation is not the only vector
capable of influencing the spread of the disease. But it can be an aggravating factor,
considering that 16% of the Brazilian population do not have access to the water supply
network, and are those who adhere to dubious water sources, without confirmation that
it is within the potability standard for human consumption, becoming more vulnerable
to waterborne diseases. As for the monitoring of SARS-COV-2 in sewage, it can be a
useful tool to monitor new outbreaks of COVID-19. So far, there is no scientific evidence
that proves fecal-oral or fecal-respiratory transmission, however, it is pertinent to
continue in-depth research on the persistence and viability of the virus in the
environment, especially in aquatic matrices. As well as the fate of Sars-Cov-2 in
treatment plants, analyzing the performance of virus removal in the stages. |
| author2 |
Moriyama, André Luis Lopes |
| author_facet |
Moriyama, André Luis Lopes Silva, Rafaela Alves Vicente Rodrigues da |
| format |
masterThesis |
| author |
Silva, Rafaela Alves Vicente Rodrigues da |
| author_sort |
Silva, Rafaela Alves Vicente Rodrigues da |
| title |
Covid-19 e saneamento básico: relações e impactos |
| title_short |
Covid-19 e saneamento básico: relações e impactos |
| title_full |
Covid-19 e saneamento básico: relações e impactos |
| title_fullStr |
Covid-19 e saneamento básico: relações e impactos |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Covid-19 e saneamento básico: relações e impactos |
| title_sort |
covid-19 e saneamento básico: relações e impactos |
| publisher |
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte |
| publishDate |
2023 |
| url |
https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/50834 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT silvarafaelaalvesvicenterodriguesda covid19esaneamentobasicorelacoeseimpactos AT silvarafaelaalvesvicenterodriguesda covid19andbasicsanitationrelationsshipsandimpacts |
| _version_ |
1773967313393942528 |
| spelling |
ri-123456789-508342023-01-04T17:41:56Z Covid-19 e saneamento básico: relações e impactos Covid-19 and basic sanitation: relationsships and impacts Silva, Rafaela Alves Vicente Rodrigues da Moriyama, André Luis Lopes https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7611-2074 http://lattes.cnpq.br/5552878900145656 Nunes, Andrea Oliveira Souza, Carlson Pereira de http://lattes.cnpq.br/1030834608582624 Sousa, Magna Angélica dos Santos Bezerra Gomes, Yara Feliciano Saneamento básico Covid-19 Doenças de veiculação hídrica Esgoto CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA This work proposes to establish the theoretical-scientific aspects that allow to perceive the effects of basic sanitation in the prevention and combat of pandemics caused by viruses, mainly, the current pandemic of COVID-19. Making connections between concepts and things, based on a broad bibliographic investigation that allows extracting important information on the thematic axis contained in the coronavirus-basic sanitation binomial. The research developed is of an exploratory type combined with a descriptive one, with a quali-quantitative approach. Classic materials, government platforms and scientific publications were consulted. COVID-19 reinforced the importance of access to basic sanitation for public health. However, it is difficult to guarantee hygiene actions when not everyone has access to treated water, sewage collection and treatment. Some of the factors that may be associated with the incidence of cases or mortality rates of this disease are sanitation conditions. The main route of transmission of the virus is via contaminated aerosols and respiratory droplets. However, the presence of the genetic material of SARS-COV-2 in the feces of infected people aroused interest in studies related to the possibility of oral-fecal transmission through untreated sewage, contaminated water supply and even the bioaerosols produced in ETEs. Due to the high number of infected people, there is an interest in analyzing other possible routes of transmission and how access to sanitation in Brazil influences the fight against the disease, since the persistence of the virus in the environment has not yet been completely clarified. The Brazilian population is estimated at more than 200 million inhabitants distributed throughout the five macro-regions with different demographic densities, sociocultural aspects and access to sanitation services. The North and Northeast macro-regions have the worst rates of water supply, sewage collection and treatment. Despite this, these regions had lower rates of cases and deaths from COVID19. On the other hand, two of the best regions served by basic sanitation services, the Midwest and Southeast, had the highest accumulated deaths until June 2022. It can be seen that the lack of sanitation has been causing long-term deaths from waterborne diseases in the However, with investments in the sanitation sector, it is possible to reduce the number of hospitalizations and deaths, in addition to assisting in preventive measures to combat infectious diseases. It was also found that poor sanitation is not the only vector capable of influencing the spread of the disease. But it can be an aggravating factor, considering that 16% of the Brazilian population do not have access to the water supply network, and are those who adhere to dubious water sources, without confirmation that it is within the potability standard for human consumption, becoming more vulnerable to waterborne diseases. As for the monitoring of SARS-COV-2 in sewage, it can be a useful tool to monitor new outbreaks of COVID-19. So far, there is no scientific evidence that proves fecal-oral or fecal-respiratory transmission, however, it is pertinent to continue in-depth research on the persistence and viability of the virus in the environment, especially in aquatic matrices. As well as the fate of Sars-Cov-2 in treatment plants, analyzing the performance of virus removal in the stages. Este trabalho se propõe a estabelecer os aspectos teórico-científicos que permitam perceber os efeitos do saneamento básico na prevenção e no combate de pandemias causadas por vírus, principalmente, a atual pandemia da COVID-19. Realizando ligações entre os conceitos e as coisas, com base em uma investigação bibliográfica ampla que permita extrair informações importantes ao eixo temático contido no binômio coronavírus-saneamento básico. A pesquisa desenvolvida é do tipo exploratória combinada com a descritiva, de abordagem quali-quantitativa. Foram consultados os materiais clássicos, plataformas governamentais e de publicações cientificas. A COVID-19 reforçou a importância do acesso ao saneamento básico para a saúde pública. No entanto, é difícil garantir ações de higiene quando nem todos possuem acesso a água tratada, coleta e tratamento de esgoto. Alguns dos fatores que podem estar associados às incidências de casos ou às taxas de mortalidade dessa doença são as condições de saneamento. A principal rota de transmissão do vírus é por aerossóis contaminados e gotículas respiratórias. Todavia, a presença do material genético do SARS-COV-2 nas fezes de infectados despertou o interesse nos estudos relacionados à possibilidade de transmissão oral-fecal através dos esgotos não tratados, água de abastecimento contaminada e até mesmos os bioaerossóis produzidos nas ETEs. Devido ao alto número de pessoas infectadas, surge o interesse de analisar outras possíveis rotas de transmissão e como o acesso ao saneamento no Brasil influencia no combate à doença, visto que ainda não foi completamente esclarecida à persistência do vírus no ambiente. A População brasileira é estimada em mais de 200 milhões de habitantes distribuídos ao longo das cinco macrorregiões com diferentes densidades demográficas, aspectos socioculturais e acesso aos serviços de saneamento. As macrorregiões norte e nordeste são as que possuem os piores índices de abastecimento de água, coleta e tratamento de esgoto. Apesar disso, essas regiões apresentaram menores índices de casos e óbitos por COVID-19. Em contrapartida, duas das melhores regiões atendidas pelos serviços de saneamento básico, centro-oeste e sudeste, apresentaram maiores óbitos acumulados até junho de 2022. Percebe-se que a falta de saneamento vem causando óbitos a longas datas por doenças de veiculação hídrica, no entanto, com os investimentos no setor de saneamento, é possível reduzir o número de internações e óbitos, além de auxiliar nas medidas de prevenção para combater doenças infectocontagiosas. Verificou-se, também, que o saneamento precário não é o único vetor capaz de influenciar na disseminação da doença. Mas pode ser um fator agravante, considerando que 16% da população Brasileira não possuem acesso a rede de água de abastecimento, e são os que aderem a fontes de água duvidosas, sem a confirmação que está dentro do padrão de potabilidade para o consumo humano, se tornando mais vulneráveis a doenças de veiculação hídrica. Quanto ao monitoramento do SARS-COV-2 em esgoto, pode ser uma ferramenta útil para monitorar novos surtos da COVID-19. Até o momento, não existem evidencias cientificas que comprovem a transmissão fecal-oral ou fecal-respiratória, contudo, é pertinente que continuem pesquisam aprofundadas acerca da persistência e viabilidade do vírus no meio ambiente, principalmente em matrizes aquáticas. Bem como, o destino do Sars-Cov-2 nas estações de tratamento, analisando o desempenho de remoção do vírus nas etapas. 2023-01-04T17:41:16Z 2023-01-04T17:41:16Z 2022-11-14 masterThesis SILVA, Rafaela Alves Vicente Rodrigues da. Covid-19 e saneamento básico: relações e impactos. Orientador: André Luís Lopes Moriyama. 2022. 94f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Química) - Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2022. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/50834 pt_BR Acesso Aberto application/pdf Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Brasil UFRN PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ENGENHARIA QUÍMICA |