Agricultura familiar e gênero no contexto da pandemia da covid-19: situação de trabalho e insegurança nas narrativas de mulheres em área remota do nordeste brasileiro
Based on the hypothesis that the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the vulnerabilities of family farmers, this research aimed to analyze the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on the lives of rural women farmers in a municipality in the interior of the Brazilian Northeast. This is a cross-sectional st...
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| フォーマット: | Dissertação |
| 言語: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| オンライン･アクセス: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/50018 |
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| 要約: | Based on the hypothesis that the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted the vulnerabilities
of family farmers, this research aimed to analyze the impacts of the COVID-19
pandemic on the lives of rural women farmers in a municipality in the interior of the
Brazilian Northeast. This is a cross-sectional study with a qualitative-quantitative
approach with a descriptive and analytical nature from the perspective of the Marxist
theoretical-methodological approach. Questionnaires were applied and semistructured interviews were carried out with a representative of the direction of the
Municipal Family Agriculture Union and with 30 women farmers unionized in that union
in Jaçanã, located in the Trairi Region in Rio Grande do Norte. The questionnaire was
divided into three modules: 1st) identification of family farmers; 2nd) socioeconomic
characterization; 3rd) Information on Food and Nutrition Security, based on the
Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA). This scale is a collection instrument validated
by the Brazilian population to classify families in a situation of mild, moderate or severe
food insecurity. The semi-structured interviews sought to understand discursive gender
issues in the context of family farming during the pandemic. To analyze the quantitative
results, the Statistical Package for Social Science Program (SPSS) for Windows
version 20.0 was used with descriptive statistical analysis. Qualitative data were
evaluated based on thematic analysis, considering aspects of Marxist dialectical
analysis. It was observed that most women are adults between 22-82 years old (87%),
have an income below the minimum wage (77%), plant beans, raise poultry and of
these only 4% are in food security. Rural women farmers find themselves in a scenario
of structural vulnerability marked by a care economy worsened in the pandemic
context. The interviewees' conceptions show the importance of the role of women in
family farming, as they have had an approach to this scenario since childhood, but their
rural work is considered as a care activity and not recognized or paid. This limits
women's access to their labor rights. Women face greater difficulties in acquiring
resources and feel insecure. The pandemic brings to these women the aggravation of
their social vulnerability, with the concern of health and reduction of their source of
income, isolation and closing of fairs, in the face of a scenario of increasing prices of
food products, of feed for animal husbandry. and brings new demands with the
education of children in the remote format. The union represents one of the bridges of
support for the farmer during the pandemic. It appears that it is necessary to resume
investments, expand and refound public policies to strengthen family farming and fight hunger. |
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