Sistemas brasileiros de logística reversa: aderência à implementação, panorama legal e os efeitos ambientais
The irrational use of natural resources coupled with urban densification in large centers has aggravated environmental contamination due to increased generation of solid waste (SW). Thus, the atmospheric gas emissions from the incorrect disposal of SW are important sources of methane, fostering t...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/49975 |
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| Resumo: | The irrational use of natural resources coupled with urban densification in large centers has
aggravated environmental contamination due to increased generation of solid waste (SW).
Thus, the atmospheric gas emissions from the incorrect disposal of SW are important sources
of methane, fostering the greenhouse effect. Therefore, the extension of the product life cycle
and the proper disposal of SR reduce such contamination. In a first chapter, this work aimed
to analyze the development of the implementation of policies aimed at the management of
Reverse Logistics Systems in the Brazilian territory, as well as to point out the priority RLS
considering the weaknesses identified in face of the panorama presented. To this end, a survey
of the legal history about the RLSs was carried out. Then, the QGIS software was used to
elaborate thematic maps with the distribution of the Voluntary Delivery Points in the
Brazilian states. Finally, a discussion was held about the factors involved in the
implementation of the legal framework. Despite specific regulations, the post-consumption
collect medicines is disarticulated in Brazil, aggravating drug-contamination. In a second
chapter, using the FPSEEA matrix, this work aimed to understand the socio-environmental
reality of the implementation of reverse logistics for medicines to minimize drugcontamination and achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. Thus, 18 socio-environmental
variables were analyzed by the hierarchical cluster and K-means methods, defining three
Brazilian scenarios: more developed; less developed; and in development. This research
found that even the pioneering products in the implementation of the RLSs are far from their
universalization in Brazil. Additionally, among the greatest deficiencies of the RLSs was the
lack of publicity of the data on the SINIR site, contrary to Federal Decree 10.388/2020.
Considering these and other factors, this study pointed out the medication RLS as the one
which implementation requires more attention due to the weaknesses identified. This research
also found that the southern and southeastern Brazilian states are more advanced in terms of
the development of the RLSs, especially São Paulo. Thus, the areas farthest from these urban
centers are exposed to the social and environmental effects of the substances that make up the
products subject to RLSs. Additionally, the response profile in terms of proposition and
creation of legal provisions on reverse logistics for pharmaceuticals didn't demonstrate the
transference of the notion of legislation related to an environmental practice. However, the
form of final disposal of solid waste represented the relevance of the efficient implementation
of the reverse logistics of pharmaceuticals laws. In addition, the actions of control, monitoring
and environmental education were emphasized to reduce the impacts of pharmaceutical waste
and promote sustainability. |
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