Análise do perfil cromatográfico, do teor de marcador, e avaliação da atividade cicatrizante de feridas pépticas e de pele e da toxicidade do extrato aquoso das folhas de Bryophyllum pinnatum (Lam.) Pers. e Kalanchoe laciniata (L.) DC.: potencial aplicação do desenvolvimento de insumo
Bryophyllum pinnatum and Kalanchoe laciniata (Crassulaceae), popularly known as “coirama” and “saião”, are used in folk medicine to treat gastric ulcers and in the skin wound healing. The present study aims to evaluate the chromatographic profile and the chemical marker content, in vivo anti-ulce...
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| Formato: | doctoralThesis |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/49149 |
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| Resumo: | Bryophyllum pinnatum and Kalanchoe laciniata (Crassulaceae), popularly known as
“coirama” and “saião”, are used in folk medicine to treat gastric ulcers and in the skin
wound healing. The present study aims to evaluate the chromatographic profile and
the chemical marker content, in vivo anti-ulcer activities (oral route) and in vivo wound
healing activities (topical route) of the aqueous extract of its leaves against a model of
chronic gastric ulcer induced by acetic acid and an induction model of skin wounds,
respectively, as well as to evaluate the acute and subchronic toxicity of B. pinnatum
and K. laciniata leaf extracts (freeze dried extract) and the gastroprotective activity of
the major flavonoid of B. pinnatum leaf extract, quercetin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-
(1→2)-O-α-L -rhamnopyranoside against acute gastric lesions induced by ethanol and
indomethacin. Regarding the content of total phenols, B. pinnatum and K. laciniata
extracts showed, respectively, levels of 80.87 ± 4.96 and 72.07 ± 4.78 mg (mg of gallic
acid/g of dried extract) and total flavonoids of 38.97 ± 4.72 and 33 .83 ± 4.28 mg (mg
of quercetin/g of dried extract). While the gel formulation contains B. pinnatum leaf
extract at 5% had a total phenolic content of 2.77 ± 0.06 mg (mg of gallic acid/g of gel
formulation) and total flavonoids of 1.58 ± 0,03 mg (mg of quercetin/g of gel
formulation). Leaf extracts were analyzed by ultrafast liquid chromatography and the
major flavonoids were identified. However, only the analytical method for B. pinnatum
extract was validated according to national legislation and their major flavonoids
quercetin 3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (Bp1), kaempferol
3- O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (Bp2) and quercetin-3-Orhamnopyranoside (Bp3) showed, respectively, a content of 33.12 ± 0.056, 3.98 ±
0.049 and 4.26 ± 0.022 mg/g of dried extract. Both extracts did not show signs of acute
or subchronic toxicity and estimated lethal dose was defined as > 2,000 mg/kg,
according to the OECD guide. B. pinnatum and K. laciniata extrats (250 and 500
mg/kg) significantly reduced the ulceration index (p < 0.0001 for doses) in chronic
gastric ulcer in vivo model. This effect was accompanied by a rebalancing of gastric
oxidative stress with increased levels of glutathione and expression of superoxide
dismutase (SOD), in addition to reduced levels of malonaldehyde (MDA). Modulation
of inflammatory markers was also observed with the reduction of myeloperoxidase
(MPO) activity, of interleukin-1β (IL 1-β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels,
increased interleukin-10 (IL 10), decreased expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and
transcription factor NF-kB (p65). Additionally, treatment with K. laciniata extract
stimulated healing of gastric tissue with increased expression of vascular endothelial
growth factor (VEGF) and stimulated restoration of mucus content observed in the
periodic acid-schiff staining technique. Pre-treatment with Bp1 (5 mg/kg) reduced
gastric lesions induced by ethanol (p < 0.0001) and indomethacin (p < 0.001),
increased GSH levels in gastric tissue and decreased MDA levels, reduced MPO
activity reduced IL 1-β and TNF-α levels, increased IL 10 levels and presented a
cytoprotective effect observed in histopathological analysis. The gel formulations
contains the extracts stimulated the skin wound healing through a reduction in the
wound area accompanied by a decrease in inflammatory infiltrate, a reduction in tissue
levels of IL 1-β and TNF-α, stimulation of angiogenesis and an increase in the
expression of VEGF These findings may support the development of a new inputs or
herbal medicine from B. pinnatum and K. laciniata leaf extrat as gastroprotective or in
ulcers treatment and for topical use to stimulate the healing of skin wounds. |
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