Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (Glomeromycota) em dois brejos de altitude na Caatinga
The Caatinga is a mosaic of thorny shrubs and seasonally dry forest and supports a considerable wealth of species. Most of this biome is located in the interplanaltic depressions, however, this type of vegetation can also manifest itself in the plateaus, presenting diverse physiognomies, such as Bre...
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| Formato: | bachelorThesis |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/47319 |
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| Resumo: | The Caatinga is a mosaic of thorny shrubs and seasonally dry forest and supports a considerable wealth of species. Most of this biome is located in the interplanaltic depressions, however, this type of vegetation can also manifest itself in the plateaus, presenting diverse physiognomies, such as Brejos de altitude. These marshes form "islands" of humid forests surrounded by dry vegetation and are understood as refuges of humid forests and characterized as part of the Atlantic Forest. Studies on northeastern wetlands suggest that there are 64 areas recognized as highland wetlands in the Caatinga and these regions, when compared to the surrounding regions, have privileged conditions regarding soil and air humidity, temperature and vegetation cover, factors that influence growth of microorganisms, however, in relation to the soil microbiota, these areas are scarce of studies, notably the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi. These fungi are part of the phylum Glomeromycota, which form a wide symbiosis with plant roots, are of great importance for increasing the nutrient absorption zone and allow plant growth, are cosmopolitan and are among the most ubiquitous soil microorganisms. Knowing that the composition of species and the structure of the community are modulated by different microhabitats, the high altitude forest (brejos de altitude) bring new perspectives on this very particular group of fungi and are necessary to understand the biological aspects of these fungi. For this reason, this work aims to compare FMA communities between different high altitude forest in the Caatinga biome. For this, 20 soil samples were collected in the Araripe National Forest and 20 soil samples in the Serra de Baturité Environmental Protection Area, in the rainy season of June / 2018. The samples were taken to the Mycorrhiza Biology Laboratory for the extraction of glomerospores and their subsequent identification. For taxonomic analysis, the material was manipulated with the aid of a stereomicroscope and mounted on microscope slides with PVLG (polyvinyl alcohol and lactoglycerol) and PVLG + Melzer reagent (1: 1) and identified following relevant literature. The data obtained were submitted to ecological indexes, such as Simpson, Shannon-Wiener, Margalef and Equitability. 84 species of AMF were found, distributed in eight families and 15 genera. The largest number of species, 63, were found in APA Serra de Baturité, while in FLONA Araripe only 34 were found, sharing 13 species in common. The community of the areas was characterized as having more rare species than dominant species. Shannon, Simpson and Margalef indices were higher in the APA Serra de Baturité, while Equitability was similar and FLONA had greater dominance. This study showed high diversity, revealing that inventories are important for the knowledge of the microbiota ofthese areas and reveal that Brazil is home to a high richness of FMA species, but that it remains unexplored. Therefore, as the studies are developed, mainly in places that have not yet been explored, the tendency is to increase the number of records of occurrence of these fungi, just as new species tend to be discovered. |
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