Métricas de paisagem e serviços ecossistêmicos: uma abordagem geoecológica na ESEC-seridó e zona de amortecimento, NE - Brasil
The approach of geocology as the study of the set of interrelated elements between the association of living creatures and their environmental conditions, acting in a specific part of the landscape, or even in a natural division of space, with different spatial dimensions, presents its solid foun...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/47104 |
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| Resumo: | The approach of geocology as the study of the set of interrelated elements between the
association of living creatures and their environmental conditions, acting in a specific part of
the landscape, or even in a natural division of space, with different spatial dimensions, presents
its solid foundations and much discussed in geographic science.Therefore, the understanding
of the landscape from different methodological procedures becomes valid for the systemic
interpretation of environmental aspects. Within the scope of research in the Caatinga, the
geoecological approach has been widely applied to understand the landscape from the
relationship between man and nature, focusing on the change of the environment through
anthropic action, corroborating the process of fragmentation and loss of ecological functions.
These human pressures increase the speed of the forest fragmentation process, which triggers a
sequence of imbalances along the environmental system, causing declines in quality of the
provision of Ecosystem Services (ES). In this sense, this research has the general objective of
analyzing the landscape from the application of different methodological approaches in the
buffer zone of the ESEC-Seridó. For this purpose, satellite images from the years 1988, 1998,
2008 and 2019 were used to understand the temporal dynamics of vegetation cover, where 04
classes of vegetation cover were obtained: exposed soil, sparse vegetation, open vegetation and
dense/riparian vegetation. It was observed that the most representative class was open
vegetation, presenting about 43% for the years 1988, 1998 and 2008, with sparse Caatinga being
the most expressive in 2019 (29%). Subsequently, the degree of fragmentation of forest
remnants was evaluated from the landscape metrics in three categories: area, shape and edge.
A total of 394 forest fragments were identified, of which 25% have values below 5 hectares and
tend to present greater characteristics of unstable environments. Then, the ability of the study
area to provide ecosystem services of erosion control was evaluated through the Universal Soil
Loss Equation (USLE) and carbon sequestration through the improved photochemical
reflectance index. It was identified that about 64% of the study area has a high relevant capacity
for erosion control, with areas that do not have any relevant capacity representing around 6%
of the total area. The carbon stock, on the other hand, has a relevant capacity of 38%, being the
one with the highest value of the other. It is concluded that the combination of different
methodological procedures for a landscape reading become effective, enhancing territorial
planning and ordering in semiarid landscapes. |
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