Avaliação da atividade osteogênica e antidipogênica de polissacarídeos sulfatados de macroalgas marinhas verdes
The sulfated polysaccharides (SP) of seaweeds are highly complex and heterogeneous macromolecules that have shown diverse activities, including in the modeling of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Thereafter, these molecules have been studied in the scope of regenerative medicine for the...
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| Formato: | doctoralThesis |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/47048 |
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| Resumo: | The sulfated polysaccharides (SP) of seaweeds are highly complex and heterogeneous
macromolecules that have shown diverse activities, including in the modeling of osteogenic
and adipogenic differentiation. Thereafter, these molecules have been studied in the scope of
regenerative medicine for the development of alternative therapies to overcome diseases related
to bone metabolism and obesity. Among the SP, those derived from green seaweeds are the
least studied and, therefore, in this work, the osteogenic and antiadipogenic activity of SPcontaining samples from Caulerpa prolifera and Caulerpa sertularioides were investigated. As
an essential part of biocompatibility evaluation of new molecules, the genotoxicity of samples
with biological activity was also studied. Several reviews describe the multiple bioactivities of
SP from seaweeds, however, regarding their osteogenic activity, there is no consensus on how
to use them and their real effectiveness in this process. Therefore, in this study, a systematic
review was carried out to answer the question “Do SP from seaweeds promote osteogeniesis?”.
The results of this review show that SP from seaweeds effectively promote an increase in
osteogenic markers (alkaline phosphatase and extracellular matrix mineralization), indicating
that they can be considered for application in bone regeneration. The experimental results
obtained with the treatment of human stromal stem cells with SP-containing samples of C.
prolifera and C. sertularioides, at non-cytotoxic concentrations (<10 µg/mL), showed an
increase in osteogenic markers. Under these conditions, no genotoxic effect was observed. It
was also shown that one fraction containing PS isolated from C. prolifera inhibited adipogenic
differentiation of 3T3L1 pre-adipocytes, at non-cytotoxic concentrations (<200 µg/mL),
reducing the accumulation of total lipids and triglycerides in the C. elegans. Surprisingly, it was
possible to refine the purification of C. sertularioides samples, using ion exchange
chromatography, and one SP-rich subfraction, with greater antiadipogenic effect, was obtained.
Thus, the antiadipogenic effect was achieved using a significantly lower sample concentration
(50 µg/mL) than those reported in the literature. Together, the results highlight the potential of
SP for application in the development of alternative therapies for problems related to bone
regeneration and obesity. |
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