Eficiência do setor agropecuário nordestino e seus determinantes: uma análise para 2006 e 2017
The agricultural sector in Brazil has heterogeneity as one of its main characteristics. This aspect is reflected in economic, social and geographic issues, among others, and, consequently, influences the relationship between producers and the market. In other words, each agent is in specific conditi...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/46877 |
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| Resumo: | The agricultural sector in Brazil has heterogeneity as one of its main characteristics. This
aspect is reflected in economic, social and geographic issues, among others, and,
consequently, influences the relationship between producers and the market. In other
words, each agent is in specific conditions that are capable of determining whether or not
it is possible to remain in the sector. In this sense, considering that the goods are
homogeneous, factors such as the degree of competitiveness, quality, productivity and
efficiency are of great importance and, therefore, should receive due attention, especially
in regions such as the Northeast of Brazil, which houses a large quantity considerable
number of farmers in relation to the national total. Given the impossibility of dealing with
all these issues, this research has its focus directed to the analysis of efficiency. Thus, it
aims to measure the efficiency of the agricultural sector in northeastern municipalities
and its determinants, based on data from the years 2006 and 2017, taken from the
Agricultural Census of the respective years. Specifically, it aims to analyze the
development of the northeastern agricultural sector, study the concepts of efficiency
discussed in the literature and their ways of measuring it, calculate the technical efficiency
and scale scores of the agricultural sector in the municipalities of the Northeast region
and investigate the determining factors of these efficiency scores. To measure the
efficiency of the agricultural sector, the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) model was
used, along with the Malmquist Index, and, to investigate its determining factors, the
quantile regression model was used for a sample of 1,263 northeastern municipalities.
The results showed that, in both years, almost all of these were extremely inefficient,
indicating, therefore, that producers are having limitations in their production process,
and a consequent waste of resources. Furthermore, the Malmquist Index revealed that the
biggest obstacle to increasing efficiency is technological backwardness. Regarding the
determinants of the measured efficiency scores, it was found that the analyzed variables
influenced the quantiles (0.25, 0.50 and 0.75) differently, and the percentage of
establishments with access to financing and receiving technical guidance obtained a
negative sign with the efficiency scores of the northeastern agricultural sector.
Furthermore, the dummy referring to the location of the municipality in a semi-arid region
and the relative participation of those whose director has a regular high school education
registered the effects with greater magnitude in all quantiles. Thus, it was concluded that
it is necessary for the government to strengthen its instruments that promote agricultural
development in the Northeast and expand their reach, in order to reach a greater number
of producers. Furthermore, greater investment in education is suggested in order to
improve agricultural efficiency in the Northeast region. |
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