Mosquitos vetores (Diptera: Culicidae) do semiárido brasileiro: fatores bioecológicos e socioepidemiológicos

Mosquitoes are insects present all over the planet. Currently, about 3,578 species are known. In Brazil, about 530 mosquito species are reported, among which some are considered vectors of pathogens that cause diseases. It is estimated that about 80 species occur in seasonal tropical dry forest (Caa...

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Autor principal: Inácio, Cássio Lázaro Silva
Outros Autores: Ximenes, Maria de Fátima Freire de Melo
Formato: doctoralThesis
Idioma:pt_BR
Publicado em: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
Assuntos:
Culicidae
Floresta tropical sazonalmente seca
Relações ecológicas
Diversidade
Aedes aegypti
Haemagogus sp.
Endereço do item:https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/46672
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id ri-123456789-46672
record_format dspace
institution Repositório Institucional
collection RI - UFRN
language pt_BR
topic Culicidae
Floresta tropical sazonalmente seca
Relações ecológicas
Diversidade
Aedes aegypti
Haemagogus sp.
spellingShingle Culicidae
Floresta tropical sazonalmente seca
Relações ecológicas
Diversidade
Aedes aegypti
Haemagogus sp.
Inácio, Cássio Lázaro Silva
Mosquitos vetores (Diptera: Culicidae) do semiárido brasileiro: fatores bioecológicos e socioepidemiológicos
description Mosquitoes are insects present all over the planet. Currently, about 3,578 species are known. In Brazil, about 530 mosquito species are reported, among which some are considered vectors of pathogens that cause diseases. It is estimated that about 80 species occur in seasonal tropical dry forest (Caatinga), an exclusively Brazilian biome. In the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Norte, 76 species have been recorded. The blood feeding, on the part of females, ends up favoring the infection and transmission of pathogens. Rio Grande do Norte has been suffering over the years with epidemics of Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya, diseases whose main vector is the Aedes aegypti. Studies on the mosquito fauna in the state are still scarce, requiring further research for a better understanding of the relationships of these insects in the transmission of pathogens and the environment. In this sense, the present work sought to inventory the fauna of Culicidae in the municipality of Currais Novos in urban and preserved natural areas, aiming to understand the bio-ecological and socio-epidemiological interactions. In the urban area, monthly monitoring of the Aedes aegypti population was performed using ovitraps. The traps were installed and in the intra-domicile, equidistant about 300 m, installed and exposed for seven days and then replaced. The Ovitrap Positivity (OVI), Egg Density (ODI) and Mean Egg Index (IMO) were calculated for each period studied, which are important for understanding the population dynamics and reproductive period of mosquitoes. A total of 92,340 eggs were collected during the study, between May 2018 and March 2020. The positivity index of ovitraps showed a positive correlation with precipitation. Viral research in adult insects from the collected eggs revealed a possible new insect-specific virus by phylogenetic inference methods: Maximum Likelihood, Maximum Parsimony and Neighbor-Joining. In a forest environment, eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults were investigated. Eggs were collected using ovitraps. Immature insects were collected by active search in natural breeding sites, and adult insects by Shannon traps. All collections occurred once a month, in the preserved area in the period from April 2017 to March 2020 in the Cânion dos Apertados in Currais Novos. A total of 15 taxa were found, being 14 of immature and 13 of adult mosquitoes. The correlation of the insects with local climatic variables was verified, with temperature as the predominant climatic component. For immature mosquitoes, 14 types of natural breeding sites were registered. A total of 2,342 adult mosquitoes were collected between 5pm-8pm. However, only specimens of the wild species Haemagogus spegazzinii were found infected with arbovirus, dengue virus type 2. Egglaying of this mosquito takes place mainly during the period when rainfall is heaviest, and these eggs can survive for up to 380 days in the environment. The development of Hg. spegazzinii lasts about 14 days from hatching to adulthood, and these may present 3 morphotypes in addition to the classical pattern for the species. We report the first record of Hg. spegazzinii in an urban environment, and the presence of Ae. albopictus in the municipality of Currais Novos, RN. Thus, this work adds new information about the mosquitoes of the seasonal tropical dry forest and contributes to the understanding of their biology and survival strategies in the semiarid region in urban and natural environments. In this aspect, the monitoring of mosquito populations can help in public policies for the control and combat of these insects from the knowledge about the niches, bioecology, frequency, abundance, and seasonality of mosquitoes.
author2 Ximenes, Maria de Fátima Freire de Melo
author_facet Ximenes, Maria de Fátima Freire de Melo
Inácio, Cássio Lázaro Silva
format doctoralThesis
author Inácio, Cássio Lázaro Silva
author_sort Inácio, Cássio Lázaro Silva
title Mosquitos vetores (Diptera: Culicidae) do semiárido brasileiro: fatores bioecológicos e socioepidemiológicos
title_short Mosquitos vetores (Diptera: Culicidae) do semiárido brasileiro: fatores bioecológicos e socioepidemiológicos
title_full Mosquitos vetores (Diptera: Culicidae) do semiárido brasileiro: fatores bioecológicos e socioepidemiológicos
title_fullStr Mosquitos vetores (Diptera: Culicidae) do semiárido brasileiro: fatores bioecológicos e socioepidemiológicos
title_full_unstemmed Mosquitos vetores (Diptera: Culicidae) do semiárido brasileiro: fatores bioecológicos e socioepidemiológicos
title_sort mosquitos vetores (diptera: culicidae) do semiárido brasileiro: fatores bioecológicos e socioepidemiológicos
publisher Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
publishDate 2022
url https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/46672
work_keys_str_mv AT inaciocassiolazarosilva mosquitosvetoresdipteraculicidaedosemiaridobrasileirofatoresbioecologicosesocioepidemiologicos
AT inaciocassiolazarosilva mosquitovectorsdipteraculicidaeinthebraziliansemiaridregionbioecologicalandsocioepidemiologicalfactors
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spelling ri-123456789-466722024-03-19T04:06:45Z Mosquitos vetores (Diptera: Culicidae) do semiárido brasileiro: fatores bioecológicos e socioepidemiológicos Mosquito vectors (Diptera: Culicidae) in the brazilian semiarid region: bioecological and socio-epidemiological factors Inácio, Cássio Lázaro Silva Ximenes, Maria de Fátima Freire de Melo http://lattes.cnpq.br/4910533645616566 http://lattes.cnpq.br/4231925509338101 Uchôa, Adriana Ferreira http://lattes.cnpq.br/6644671747055211 Soriano, Eliane Marinho http://lattes.cnpq.br/2017823516741199 Cavalcanti, Marília Gabriela dos Santos http://lattes.cnpq.br/7178584065878686 Barbosa, Patricia Batista Barra Medeiros http://lattes.cnpq.br/6945268593644384 Culicidae Floresta tropical sazonalmente seca Relações ecológicas Diversidade Aedes aegypti Haemagogus sp. Mosquitoes are insects present all over the planet. Currently, about 3,578 species are known. In Brazil, about 530 mosquito species are reported, among which some are considered vectors of pathogens that cause diseases. It is estimated that about 80 species occur in seasonal tropical dry forest (Caatinga), an exclusively Brazilian biome. In the Brazilian state of Rio Grande do Norte, 76 species have been recorded. The blood feeding, on the part of females, ends up favoring the infection and transmission of pathogens. Rio Grande do Norte has been suffering over the years with epidemics of Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya, diseases whose main vector is the Aedes aegypti. Studies on the mosquito fauna in the state are still scarce, requiring further research for a better understanding of the relationships of these insects in the transmission of pathogens and the environment. In this sense, the present work sought to inventory the fauna of Culicidae in the municipality of Currais Novos in urban and preserved natural areas, aiming to understand the bio-ecological and socio-epidemiological interactions. In the urban area, monthly monitoring of the Aedes aegypti population was performed using ovitraps. The traps were installed and in the intra-domicile, equidistant about 300 m, installed and exposed for seven days and then replaced. The Ovitrap Positivity (OVI), Egg Density (ODI) and Mean Egg Index (IMO) were calculated for each period studied, which are important for understanding the population dynamics and reproductive period of mosquitoes. A total of 92,340 eggs were collected during the study, between May 2018 and March 2020. The positivity index of ovitraps showed a positive correlation with precipitation. Viral research in adult insects from the collected eggs revealed a possible new insect-specific virus by phylogenetic inference methods: Maximum Likelihood, Maximum Parsimony and Neighbor-Joining. In a forest environment, eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults were investigated. Eggs were collected using ovitraps. Immature insects were collected by active search in natural breeding sites, and adult insects by Shannon traps. All collections occurred once a month, in the preserved area in the period from April 2017 to March 2020 in the Cânion dos Apertados in Currais Novos. A total of 15 taxa were found, being 14 of immature and 13 of adult mosquitoes. The correlation of the insects with local climatic variables was verified, with temperature as the predominant climatic component. For immature mosquitoes, 14 types of natural breeding sites were registered. A total of 2,342 adult mosquitoes were collected between 5pm-8pm. However, only specimens of the wild species Haemagogus spegazzinii were found infected with arbovirus, dengue virus type 2. Egglaying of this mosquito takes place mainly during the period when rainfall is heaviest, and these eggs can survive for up to 380 days in the environment. The development of Hg. spegazzinii lasts about 14 days from hatching to adulthood, and these may present 3 morphotypes in addition to the classical pattern for the species. We report the first record of Hg. spegazzinii in an urban environment, and the presence of Ae. albopictus in the municipality of Currais Novos, RN. Thus, this work adds new information about the mosquitoes of the seasonal tropical dry forest and contributes to the understanding of their biology and survival strategies in the semiarid region in urban and natural environments. In this aspect, the monitoring of mosquito populations can help in public policies for the control and combat of these insects from the knowledge about the niches, bioecology, frequency, abundance, and seasonality of mosquitoes. Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES Os mosquitos são insetos presentes em todo o planeta. Atualmente são conhecidas cerca de 3.578 espécies. No Brasil, são relatadas cerca de 530 espécies de mosquitos, dentre estas, algumas são consideradas vetores de patógenos causadores de doenças. Estima-se que na Caatinga, bioma exclusivamente brasileiro, ocorrem cerca de 80 espécies. No estado brasileiro do Rio Grande do Norte já foram registradas 76 espécies. A alimentação sanguínea, por parte das fêmeas, acaba propiciando a infecção e transmissão de agentes patogênicos. O Rio Grande do Norte vem sofrendo ao longo dos anos com epidemias de Dengue, Zika e Chikungunya, doenças cujo principal vetor é o Aedes aegypti. Os estudos sobre a fauna de mosquitos no estado ainda são escassos, necessitando assim de mais pesquisas para uma melhor compreensão das relações destes insetos na transmissão de patógenos e com o meio ambiente. Neste sentido, o presente trabalho buscou inventariar a fauna de culicídeos no município de Currais Novos em área urbana e natural preservada, objetivando a compreensão das interações bioecológicas e socioepidemiológicas. No meio urbano, foi realizado o monitoramento mensal da população de Aedes aegypti com a utilização de ovitrampas. As armadilhas foram instaladas e no intradomicílio, equidistantes cerca de 300 m, instaladas e expostas durante sete dias e depois substituídas. Foram calculados os índices de Positividade de Ovitrampas (IPO), de Densidade de Ovos (IDO) e da Média de Ovos (IMO) para cada período estudado, os quais são importantes para o entendimento da dinâmica populacional e período reprodutivo de mosquitos. Um total de 92.340 ovos foram coletados durante o estudo, entre maio de 2018 e março de 2020. O índice de positividade de ovitrampas apresentou correlação positiva com a precipitação. A pesquisa viral em insetos adultos oriundos dos ovos coletados, revelou um possível novo vírus específico de insetos, por métodos de inferência filogenética: Máxima Verossimilhança, Máxima Parcimônia e Neighbor-Joining. Em ambiente de mata, ovos, larvas, pupas e adultos foram investigados. As coletas de ovos ocorreram por meio de ovitrampas. Os imaturos, por busca ativa em criadouros naturais e os insetos adultos com armadilha de Shannon. Todas as coletas ocorreram uma vez por mês, na área preservada no período de abril de 2017 a março de 2020 no Cânion dos Apertados em Currais Novos. Um total de 15 táxons foram encontrados, sendo 14 de imaturos e 13 de mosquitos adultos. A correlação dos insetos com as variáveis climáticas locais foi constatada, tendo a temperatura como componente climático preponderante. Para os imaturos foram registrados 14 tipos de criadouros naturais. Foram coletados 2.342 mosquitos adultos entre às 17h-20h. No entanto, apenas exemplares da espécie silvestre Haemagogus spegazzinii foram encontrados infectados por arbovírus, vírus dengue tipo 2. A postura de ovos deste mosquito é realizada principalmente durante o período cuja pluviosidade é mais intensa, e esses ovos podem resistir por até 380 dias no ambiente. O desenvolvimento de Hg. spegazzinii dura em torno de 14 dias, da eclosão até a fase adulta, podendo estes apresentar 3 morfotipos além do padrão clássico para a espécie. Relatamos o primeiro registro da espécie Hg. spegazzinii em meio urbano, e presença de Ae. albopictus no município de Currais Novos-RN. Desse modo, o presente trabalho acrescenta novas informações sobre os mosquitos da caatinga e contribui para o entendimento de sua biologia e estratégias de sobrevivência no semiárido em meio urbano e natural. Neste aspecto, o monitoramento das populações de mosquitos pode auxiliar em políticas públicas para o controle e combate destes insetos a partir do conhecimento sobre os nichos, bioecologia, frequência, abundância e sazonalidade dos mosquitos. 2023-12-31 2022-03-24T16:29:09Z 2021-08-31 doctoralThesis INÁCIO, Cássio Lázaro Silva. Mosquitos vetores (Diptera: Culicidae) do semiárido brasileiro: fatores bioecológicos e socioepidemiológicos. 2021. 228f. Tese (Doutorado em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente) - Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2021. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/46672 pt_BR Acesso Embargado application/pdf Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Brasil UFRN PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM DESENVOLVIMENTO E MEIO AMBIENTE - PRODEMA

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