Mobile app para auxílio na educação do paciente no pré-operatório de revascularização do miocárdio
The obstructions caused by coronary artery disease, in certain cases, impede the normal arterial blood flow in the heart, which can lead to suffering and even tissue death in the affected area. In some situations, when other treatments have not been effective, myocardial revascularization is indicat...
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| Formato: | doctoralThesis |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/45693 |
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| Resumo: | The obstructions caused by coronary artery disease, in certain cases, impede the normal arterial
blood flow in the heart, which can lead to suffering and even tissue death in the affected area.
In some situations, when other treatments have not been effective, myocardial revascularization
is indicated, which consists of a complex and large-scale surgery, also known as saphenous
bypass or breast bypass. Thus, it is necessary to educate the patient in the preoperative period,
so that he can understand and actively participate in the entire care process. This may imply a
postoperative period with fewer complications and adverse events. Thus, the objective was to
develop and validate a mobile app to aid in patient education in the preoperative period of
myocardial revascularization surgery. This is a methodological research, with a mixed
approach, elaborated from the stages of contextualized instructional design: 1) analysis - carried
out from a scoping review and a qualitative study with 13 patients admitted to a university
hospital to receive pre- operatives. Its purpose was to identify the learning needs of patients
before surgery; 2) design and development, in which the flow diagram and the low and high
fidelity prototypes of the application were structured by a team composed of researchers and
software developers; 3) implementation, with availability of the high-fidelity version of the
prototype for analysis on a digital platform; 4) evaluation, in which the application's content
and usability were validated by judges in the field of cardiology nursing, in two rounds
organized using the Delphi technique. At this stage, the content validity coefficient greater than
0.8 and the percentage of agreement equal to or greater than 80% were used as a parameter for
validation. The research took place from January to September 2021 and was approved by the
Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte. Thus, through the scoping
review and qualitative study, the learning needs of patients before surgery were identified,
which were categorized into: cardiovascular system and coronary artery disease; care,
procedures and routines before, during and after surgery. Based on these categories, the
application's content was organized into nine thematic sections: understand more about the
heart; understand your illness; understand the bypass surgery or breast bypass; care before
surgery; care after surgery; rehabilitation and lifestyle changes; patient records; schedule; quiz.
After the two Delphi rounds of analysis of the application by the judges, a content validity
coefficient equal to or greater than 0.91 and a percentage of agreement of 100 were obtained,
with the exception of only one of the 12 criteria analyzed. As for usability, of the 18 items, 17
obtained 100% agreement from the judges. After all the adjustments, the current version of the
software has 90 screens. With that, it is concluded that the developed application was validated
in relation to its content and usability by the judges. It is believed that this technology can
contribute to the literacy and health education of patients who will undergo myocardial
revascularization. |
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