A Serra de Santana no semiárido nordestino: aspectos geográficos e possibilidade de práticas sustentáveis
Brazilian’s semi-arid region, that have the incidence of droughts associated with high rates of insolation and temperature, presents "exception areas" with a cooler and more humid climate resulting from the effects of altitude. These humidity islands that appear on the tops of mountains an...
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| Formato: | bachelorThesis |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/44802 |
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| Resumo: | Brazilian’s semi-arid region, that have the incidence of droughts associated with high rates of insolation and temperature, presents "exception areas" with a cooler and more humid climate resulting from the effects of altitude. These humidity islands that appear on the tops of mountains and plateaus, are extremely important for the semi-arid region, since they are considered refuges of flora and fauna species, as well as sources of humidity. In the context of insufficient information about mountainous areas in the Brazilian semiarid region, the goal of this research was to carry out a survey of the geographic aspects of the Serra de Santana, with emphasis on climatic, pedological, hydric and vegetation characteristics, based on the municipality of Lagoa Nova/RN. We considered, in the dynamics mentioned about geographic characteristics, the land uses and the reflection about the possibilities of sustainable practices for the conservation of this important unit of the landscape. To carry out the research, climatic data were used referring to the total annual rainfall (mm) and average, maximum and minimum temperatures (oC) in the period 1985 to 2020 along with data referring to the El Nino Oscillation South (ENOS (2+1 and 3) connections; the North Tropical Atlantic index (TNA) and the South Tropical Atlantic index (TSA). We also performed soil profile analysis and survey data of land cover and land use corresponding to the historical series for the years 1985 to 2020. The results showed that the climate of the Serra de Santana presents cooler average temperatures than the semi-arid depression, but the precipitation values are typical of the semi-arid region. The influence of ENOS and TNA teleconnections on the total annual accumulated rainfall was also detected. Regarding the soil aspects, these proved to be predominantly deep, in contrast to the predominant soils in the depression. With respect to water and vegetation conditions, the region is marked by the presence of secondary and intermittent streams. The Serra functioning as a watershed of the Potengi and Piranhas/Açu river basins. Besides these, we can also find other points of springs (such as the Potengi River), and small streams as well as a perennial Lagoon (which gave the name to the city of Lagoa Nova). Regarding vegetation cover, the municipality of Lagoa Nova lost 2,407.78 hectares of native vegetation areas from 1985 to 2020. This area was occupied by agricultural activities that during the same period observed a growth of 15% in occupied areas. Sustainable practices are extremely necessary and urgent in the highlands. |
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