Atividade dos constituintes da saliva de flebotomíneos na infecção por Leishmania e sua possível utilização no controle da Leishmaniose: uma revisão
Leishmaniasis are a group of neglected tropical diseases constituting a serious public health problem. This group of diseases is caused by Leishmania parasites and transmitted to humans by sandflies bite. Salivary compounds of phlebotomines have anti-hemostatic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulator...
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| Formato: | bachelorThesis |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/43257 |
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| Resumo: | Leishmaniasis are a group of neglected tropical diseases constituting a serious public health problem. This group of diseases is caused by Leishmania parasites and transmitted to humans by sandflies bite. Salivary compounds of phlebotomines have anti-hemostatic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities which are important to the success of insect feeding and parasite survival. The sandfly saliva is able to stimulate both cell-mediated immunity as well as humoral immunity in the host. The immune response against salivary components strongly influences the establishment, evolution and outcome of leishmanial infection. Salivary components of these insects are mainly proteins and the production of anti-saliva antibodies is an important event for the neutralization of immunomodulatory effects, one of the factors implicated in avoid parasite establishment. In addition, antibodies detected in human sera and other hosts can represent an important tool to estimate exposure to insect vector. This tool can be used as a biomarker to evaluate risk areas for leishmaniasis and identify hosts. The measurement of antibodies levels against the vector saliva has also been used to assess control strategies such as the use of collars and nets insecticide-treated. Salivary compounds drive the development of Th1 response, delayed type hypersensitivity and antibody production which make these compounds promising for vaccine development. Available treatment for human leishmaniasis do not generate parasitological cure, thus alternative preventive measures have been investigated. In this sense, researches with salivary components of phlebotomines insects which are vectors of Leishmania parasites has generated promising results. |
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