Espectroscopia no infravermelho próximo em plasma sanguíneo com análise quimiométrica para classificação de HIV na gestação
The AIDS pandemic started during the 80s and nowadays it afflicts almost 38 million people, with more than 18 million being women. Thereby, a new challenge comes up: the control of vertical transmission (VT) of HIV. According to WHO (World Health Organization), there were 1.3 million pregnant women...
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| Formato: | bachelorThesis |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/43232 |
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| Resumo: | The AIDS pandemic started during the 80s and nowadays it afflicts almost 38 million people, with more than 18 million being women. Thereby, a new challenge comes up: the control of vertical transmission (VT) of HIV. According to WHO (World Health Organization), there were 1.3 million pregnant women living with HIV in 2018. The VT rate in patients whose diagnosis are late and there is no able time to perform treatment and prophylaxis varies from 15 to 45%, yet, this rate falls to less than 5% if the patient have an early diagnosis and treatment.
It is known that in Brazil, a large portion of the women population does not have the appropriate pre natal care. Thus, many women only finds out the HIV infection during birth time, which makes it difficult to adopt preventive measures.
The HIV diagnosis can be done by innumerous ways because of the large number of techniques available in the market, although, despite their acceptable levels of sensibility and specificity, those tests usually have high costs and require skilled labor. Thereby, new methodologies based on spectroscopic techniques have been widely applied for classification of biological samples.
The near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy is a simple and low cost technique able to generate absorption spectra from a determined radiation frequency range known as biological window, from which it is possible to differentiate groups of samples with the help of chemometric algorithms.
The objective of this present work is to differentiate the groups of pregnant women in the presence and absence of HIV virus in plasma for the evaluation of the method, whether it is effective and promising to become a new tool for the performance of HIV diagnosis. |
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