Caracterização das cinzas de incineração de resíduos sólidos de serviços de saúde para inserção em ciclos produtivos e ambientais
The problems that involve the generation of waste and its destinations have gained great proportions in recent times. In line with national solid waste and impact reduction policies, public and private companies provide environmentally adequate destinations and aim to reuse certain materials in v...
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| Formato: | bachelorThesis |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/40729 |
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| Resumo: | The problems that involve the generation of waste and its destinations have gained great
proportions in recent times. In line with national solid waste and impact reduction policies,
public and private companies provide environmentally adequate destinations and aim to reuse
certain materials in various production cycles. The present study reflects these positions and its
main objective is to characterize the incineration ash of Health Services Waste (RSS) for its
subsequent insertion in civil and environmental sectors. For this, physical-chemical
characterization tests were carried out, which allowed the determination of possible parameters
for the determination of possible uses, through X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray Fluorescence
Spectrometry (FRX) analyzes, analysis of density, particle size distribution and determination
of pozzolanic activity index. According to the XRD test, the ashes were classified as crystalline
material. The FRX test showed that the chemical composition of the ash is similar to the
standard chemical characteristics of certain incinerated waste types, and to other types of ash
already studied, such as coal and sludge; with the presence of metals and loss index the main
differentiating factors and indicators of possible incinerated materials. The characterization
carried out illustrated the possibility of applying RSS ashes in the construction sector, being a
source of material for partial incorporation in the production of concretes and mortars. Due to
the lack of pozzolanic characteristics, the use of ashes is also feasible in the realization of urban
constructions of lower structural demand and low exposure risk to people. The use of RSS ashes
in partial substitution of the sand, if it is not harmful, given the varied possible compositions,
can provide benefits in terms of the reduction of expenses with raw material, besides
contributing to reduce the negative impacts generated by the extraction of sand of water bodies.
The reuse of ashes is also capable of assisting pubic-governmental entities in attempting to
manage environmentally appropriate final destinations of hazardous waste. The reduction of
large volumes of landfills and industrial landfills, also generated by incineration, would extend
the useful life of landfills, saving time and costs with the acquisition of new areas for their final
provisions. The presence of compounds still usable reveals a possibility to standardize the
incinerated residues in order to obtain physicochemical characteristics of the ashes of RSS in a
more similar way, thus enabling conditions for extraction and economic circulation of this type
of residue. The evident national need for the management and treatment of waste consistent
with the specificities of each one, stimulates the production of academic papers that deal with
the influence of solid waste, in the case studied the hazardous waste of health services, in the
quality of social life , environmental balance and the production of technical-sustainable
products. |
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