Arsênio e alterações glicêmicas observadas em estudos experimentais
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia due to deficiency in insulin production, in its action or both, being one of the most globally relevant chronic diseases. Among the risk factors associated with diabetes mellitus, exposure to arsenic throu...
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| Formato: | bachelorThesis |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/40221 |
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| Resumo: | Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by chronic hyperglycemia due to deficiency in insulin production, in its action or both, being one of the most globally relevant chronic diseases. Among the risk factors associated with diabetes mellitus, exposure to arsenic through contamination of water, air and / or food as an agent associated with glycemic changes has been investigated.
Objective: Investigate the metabolic aspects of arsenic and its relationship with glycemic changes in animal models.
Methodology: A bibliographic search was performed in the PubMed (MEDLINE) and Google Scholar database from March to November 2020. To perform the literature search, the search terms “Diabetes mellitus” “Prediabetic states” “Hyperglycemia” “Glucose intolerance” “Arsenic”. Thirteen studies carried out on animals published in the form of articles, in the English language, were included.
Results: The articles included are characterized as an animal model, published between 2005-2020, and performed on diabetic and healthy mice, Wistar rats and Sprague-Dawley rats. The animals were exposed to doses of arsenic ranging from 300 μg / L to 50 mg / L, for different periods, with the lowest exposure for 15 minutes and the highest for 20 weeks. Most studies have found associations between exposure to arsenic and glycemic changes, probably caused by dysfunction of pancreatic β cells, increased oxidative stress and increased production of tumor necrosis factor type alpha.
Conclusions: According to experimental studies, exposure to arsenic may lead to hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, low sensitivity to insulin and glucose intolerance. The mechanisms involved are related to β cell dysfunction, increased oxidative stress and hepatocyte inflammation. In addition, the important preventive role of antioxidants against the effect of glucose disorders induced by arsenic is highlighted. |
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