Eficiência do uso de máscara facial na prevenção da COVID-19
COVID-19 was identified as a clinical entity for the first time in December 2019, in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, from where it quickly spread to other countries, becoming a pandemic in just over two months. The etiologic agent was isolated on January 7, 2020, by Chinese researchers led...
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| Formato: | bachelorThesis |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/37964 |
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| Resumo: | COVID-19 was identified as a clinical entity for the first time in December 2019, in the city of Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, from where it quickly spread to other countries, becoming a pandemic in just over two months. The etiologic agent was isolated on January 7, 2020, by Chinese researchers led by Zhu and his team. Current scientific knowledge shows that the main measures available for the prevention and control of
infection by this virus are those of a non-pharmacological nature. These procedures are of individual and collective, environmental and community scope. Among them, the following stand out: hand washing, respiratory etiquette, physical distance, aeration of the environment, cleaning of objects and surfaces, and avoiding agglomerations. Of these measures, the use of face masks by the public represents the most important physical barrier, avoiding the transmission of the virus by contact. Current scientific knowledge reveals that a primary route of transmission of the SARS-COV-2 virus is through droplets and aerosols expelled by those infected, pre-symptomatic, symptomatic, or asymptomatic. Thus, to prevent the spread of the virus, two types of preventive actions are required: (1) to limit contact between infected and susceptible,
through physical distance and other protective measures; (2) the use of a mask as a physical barrier to reduce the likelihood of inhaling contaminated droplets, preventing transmission by contact. There is much evidence that the use of a mask reduces the transmission by contact. This work aims to carry out a bibliographical review regarding the prevention and control of infection by non-pharmacological methods, especially investigating the effectiveness of the use of masks. Several studies, including a review
study in the renowned journal PNAS, confirmed that the use of masks, even cloth masks significantly reduces the transmissibility by contact. The authors of that study conclude by stating "we recommend that the general public, officials and governments strongly encourage the use of face masks in public, including the stablishment of appropriate". Thus, based on the analyzed studies, it can be observed that non-pharmacological measures of universal application, in particular the use of a face mask, are of fundamental importance in the prevention of COVID-19, until the large amount of the population are vaccinated and there is a drastic reduction in the circulation of the virus in the community. |
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