A formação em saúde coletiva nos cursos de graduação em fonoaudiologia de Instituições de Educação Superior públicas
Introduction: The public health is constituted as a field of knowledge that aims to understand health and explain its social determinants, and the scope of practices aimed primarily at promoting it. Due to its characterization, public health is a field that has the potential to contribute to the reo...
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| Formato: | doctoralThesis |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/37383 |
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| Resumo: | Introduction: The public health is constituted as a field of knowledge that aims to understand
health and explain its social determinants, and the scope of practices aimed primarily at
promoting it. Due to its characterization, public health is a field that has the potential to
contribute to the reorientation of health practices of different health professions, such as
speech-language-hering sciences. In Brazil, the speech-language-hearing therapists practice
focused on school health, between the 1920s and 1940s, with practices based on health
pedagogization and medicalization of education. Between 1950 and 1970, it directed it’s work
to private offices and rehabilitation clinics. In the 1990s, with the recently created Unified
Health System (SUS), public gaps were identified in the performance of the speech-languagehearing therapist, beginning studies to rethink their training in the health context. Purpose:
To analyze public health training in speech-language-hearing undergraduate programs at
public Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in the Northeast. Method: For the production of
the data, interviews were conducted with key informants, students and professors from seven
public HEIs in the Northeast. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, categorized and
analyzed through Content Thematic Analysis. In addition, a documentary analysis of the lattes
curricula of the speech-language-hearing teachers responsible for the public health curricular
components in the Brazilian public HEIs was identified using the “snowball” technique. This
analysis allowed to characterize of the training, performance and publication of these
teachers. The data produced were organized in IBM SPSS software version 20, generating
descriptive statistics, and correspondence analysis was performed. Results: It was identified
in the analysis of the students' interviews that they have training experiences in public health
that favor learning in SUS, but that have weaknesses in interprofessionality and in the
integration of content. In the interviews with teachers, it was observed that speech-languagehearing undergraduate programs have a heterogeneous approach to public health and a
predominance of traditional methodology in curriculum, which favors a fragmentation of
knowledge. In the analysis of the teacher education, performance and production
characterization, it was possible to visualize the existence of teachers who did not have
postgraduate training in public health and who publish articles in the field of speechlanguage-hearing clinic. In addition, it is also possible to notice the existence of differences in
the characterization of training and performance of teachers when analyzing this reality in the
regions of the country, with the Northeast region having the most teachers with training, performance and publication in the area of public health. Conclusions: In the Northeast
region, although public health problematizing and inserting the training of speech-languagehearing therapist in the context of the SUS, it is necessary to overcome the fragmented logic
in the training of students, so that other curricular components are also co-responsible for the
constitution of professionals with the profile to work in the SUS. Additionally, in the national
context, the identification of the existence of professors who are responsible for public health
components, but who do not have training and publication in this area, alerts to a consequent
weakening of public health in speech-language-hearing science. |
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