Uso de solventes eutéticos profundos na recuperação de lipídeos e carotenóides da microalga dunaliella salina
Achieving sustainability in some biotechnological processes still requires overcoming important challenges. In this context, microalgae and Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) have shown attractive characteristics. Microalgae can biosynthesize products that are used for numerous applications such as pharma...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/33320 |
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| Resumo: | Achieving sustainability in some biotechnological processes still requires overcoming
important challenges. In this context, microalgae and Deep Eutectic Solvents (DES) have
shown attractive characteristics. Microalgae can biosynthesize products that are used for
numerous applications such as pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmetic and recently in the
production of biofuels. DESs stand out as adjuvants in stages of cell disruption and
biomolecule extraction, working as non-toxic, non-volatile and renewable agents.
Seeking to explore techniques for extracting intracellular compounds from microalgae,
the aim of this work was to evaluate the cultivation of the microalgae Dunaliella salina
in order to maximize the production of lipids and carotenoids, as well as the study of
DES-assisted extraction of these compounds. First, microalgae growth was evaluated
under three growing conditions: Cultivation under Light Stress (CEL), Cultivation under
Nutritional and Light Stress (CENL) and Control Cultivation (CC). The results indicated
that the stress caused only by the high light intensity significantly influenced the
accumulation of biomass. In the CEL the mean values were 0.46 g.L-1, in the CC 0.37 g.L-1 while in the CENL only 0.25 g.L-1. In turn, the culture conditions did not affect the contents of total lipids and carotenoids, which remained at an average value of 158.42 mg.g-1 and 19.18 mg.g-1, respectively. The CEL culture achieved lipid productivity of 9.78 ± 0.86 mg.g-1.d-1 and carotenoid productivity of 1.24 ± 0.10 mg.g-1.d-1
and was chosen to obtain biomass to carry out the study of extraction using DES as an adjuvant.
It was found that the use of different DESs, pure and aqueous based on choline chloride,
enhanced the permeability of the Ethanol and Ethyl Acetate (EAE) solvent in the
microalgae cell wall. Based on product recovery in crude biomass (without DES
pretreatment), the use of DES (Ch-U) increased the recovery of total lipids and
carotenoids by 57% and 11%, respectively. The carbohydrate content of dry biomass after
treatment with DESs showed losses with mean values of 7.97%. The DES pretreatment
achieved a lipid recovery equal to 74.99%, presenting higher values than observed for
mechanical pretreatments (sonication-67.34%, ball mill-44.22%). In order to improve the
obtainment of carotenoids and reduce the process steps, the extraction from wet biomass
using the one-pot method was evaluated. Given these changes, yields of 84.06% ± 1.22
were achieved with DES Ch-U. Finally, the effects of temperature, Ch-U volume and
treatment time were investigated by a factorial design. In this experiment, the maximum
recovery of the carotenoids (88.91% ± 1.01) was reached after treatment of the wet
biomass at 60ºC, by 1.5 mL of DES in just 20 min followed by de addition of EAE in the
same pot. |
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