Avaliação da conversão do óleo de soja em biodiesel utilizando álcoois de cadeia curta
Biodiesel is one of the alternatives in reducing environmental impacts as it is a fuel derived from renewable raw materials such as vegetable oils and animal fats. It can be obtained through the transesterification reaction between an alcohol and triglycerides in the presence or not of a catalyst...
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Biodiesel Butanol Constantes cinéticas Catalisador homogêneo |
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Biodiesel Butanol Constantes cinéticas Catalisador homogêneo Costa, Talita Kênya Oliveira Avaliação da conversão do óleo de soja em biodiesel utilizando álcoois de cadeia curta |
| description |
Biodiesel is one of the alternatives in reducing environmental impacts as it is a
fuel derived from renewable raw materials such as vegetable oils and animal fats. It can be
obtained through the transesterification reaction between an alcohol and triglycerides in the
presence or not of a catalyst, having as product an ester, which is biodiesel, and glycerin. The
objective of this work was the evaluation of the use of short chain alcohols in the
transesterification reaction of soybean oil, using a homogeneous base catalyst (potassium
hydroxide), obtaining as a result the model for the conversion of the reaction and the reaction
kinetics for the biodiesel made with butanol. The transesterification reactions were carried out
in a jacketed glass reactor, with a coupled condenser and a heating bath. Initially, for the
conversion study, reactions were carried out with different alcohols, varying the alcohol: oil to
biodiesel molar ratio using methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol and butanol as alcohols, then to
evaluate the other properties, a factorial design was carried out with butanol in the reaction and
with the following conditions: alcohol: oil ratio of 4: 1 to 8: 1, 1 to 2%, 1 to 2 hours and 65 °
C. To obtain the kinetic model, samples were selected between times t0 and tf (60 minutes). For
all samples, density and viscosity were analyzed and their conversions were measured using
thermogravimetric analysis. In the density analysis, of the samples obtained by the factorial
design, it varied between 889.41 kg/m3 and 850.18 kg/m3, whereas for the viscosity it varied
between 11.10 cSt and 3.10 cSt. When increasing the conversion to ester, the density and
viscosity decreased in their values. For the conversion analysis, the four types of alcohol with
a 10:1 molar ratio were found: methanol 99.28%, ethanol 81.72%, 2-propanol 7.50% and
butanol 49.74%. For planning with butanol, the optimum point occurred with an 8: 1 ratio, 2%
by mass of catalyst, for two hours, where it obtained 76.24% conversion. With the model
obtained by factorial design 23, it was found that the three factors analyzed were significant,
with an average error between the predicted and experimental values of 2.3%. The reaction was
shown to be of second order with a kinetic constant of 3x10-5 min-1. Thus, it can be concludedthat when comparing alcohols, methanol obtained better yield and the biodiesel produced with
butanol obtained conversion values consistent with the works found in the literature making
this alcohol an alternative in the production of biofuel from sources renewable and better fuel
lubricity. |
| author2 |
Courtial, Camila Gambini Pereira |
| author_facet |
Courtial, Camila Gambini Pereira Costa, Talita Kênya Oliveira |
| format |
masterThesis |
| author |
Costa, Talita Kênya Oliveira |
| author_sort |
Costa, Talita Kênya Oliveira |
| title |
Avaliação da conversão do óleo de soja em biodiesel utilizando álcoois de cadeia curta |
| title_short |
Avaliação da conversão do óleo de soja em biodiesel utilizando álcoois de cadeia curta |
| title_full |
Avaliação da conversão do óleo de soja em biodiesel utilizando álcoois de cadeia curta |
| title_fullStr |
Avaliação da conversão do óleo de soja em biodiesel utilizando álcoois de cadeia curta |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Avaliação da conversão do óleo de soja em biodiesel utilizando álcoois de cadeia curta |
| title_sort |
avaliação da conversão do óleo de soja em biodiesel utilizando álcoois de cadeia curta |
| publisher |
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/32373 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT costatalitakenyaoliveira avaliacaodaconversaodooleodesojaembiodieselutilizandoalcooisdecadeiacurta AT costatalitakenyaoliveira evaluationofconversionofsoybeanoilinbiodieselusingshortchainalcohols |
| _version_ |
1773958707799916544 |
| spelling |
ri-123456789-323732021-05-04T19:47:39Z Avaliação da conversão do óleo de soja em biodiesel utilizando álcoois de cadeia curta Evaluation of conversion of soybean oil in biodiesel using short chain alcohols Costa, Talita Kênya Oliveira Courtial, Camila Gambini Pereira http://lattes.cnpq.br/5027398357342150 http://lattes.cnpq.br/8055289812908100 Barros Neto, Eduardo Lins de http://lattes.cnpq.br/2811639726261017 Lopes, Francisco Wendell Bezerra http://lattes.cnpq.br/8791819081924591 Duarte, Lindemberg de Jesus Nogueira http://lattes.cnpq.br/6800188552647660 Biodiesel Butanol Constantes cinéticas Catalisador homogêneo Biodiesel is one of the alternatives in reducing environmental impacts as it is a fuel derived from renewable raw materials such as vegetable oils and animal fats. It can be obtained through the transesterification reaction between an alcohol and triglycerides in the presence or not of a catalyst, having as product an ester, which is biodiesel, and glycerin. The objective of this work was the evaluation of the use of short chain alcohols in the transesterification reaction of soybean oil, using a homogeneous base catalyst (potassium hydroxide), obtaining as a result the model for the conversion of the reaction and the reaction kinetics for the biodiesel made with butanol. The transesterification reactions were carried out in a jacketed glass reactor, with a coupled condenser and a heating bath. Initially, for the conversion study, reactions were carried out with different alcohols, varying the alcohol: oil to biodiesel molar ratio using methanol, ethanol, 2-propanol and butanol as alcohols, then to evaluate the other properties, a factorial design was carried out with butanol in the reaction and with the following conditions: alcohol: oil ratio of 4: 1 to 8: 1, 1 to 2%, 1 to 2 hours and 65 ° C. To obtain the kinetic model, samples were selected between times t0 and tf (60 minutes). For all samples, density and viscosity were analyzed and their conversions were measured using thermogravimetric analysis. In the density analysis, of the samples obtained by the factorial design, it varied between 889.41 kg/m3 and 850.18 kg/m3, whereas for the viscosity it varied between 11.10 cSt and 3.10 cSt. When increasing the conversion to ester, the density and viscosity decreased in their values. For the conversion analysis, the four types of alcohol with a 10:1 molar ratio were found: methanol 99.28%, ethanol 81.72%, 2-propanol 7.50% and butanol 49.74%. For planning with butanol, the optimum point occurred with an 8: 1 ratio, 2% by mass of catalyst, for two hours, where it obtained 76.24% conversion. With the model obtained by factorial design 23, it was found that the three factors analyzed were significant, with an average error between the predicted and experimental values of 2.3%. The reaction was shown to be of second order with a kinetic constant of 3x10-5 min-1. Thus, it can be concludedthat when comparing alcohols, methanol obtained better yield and the biodiesel produced with butanol obtained conversion values consistent with the works found in the literature making this alcohol an alternative in the production of biofuel from sources renewable and better fuel lubricity. Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES O biodiesel é uma das alternativas na redução dos impactos ambientais por ser um combustível derivado de matérias primas renováveis como óleos vegetais e gorduras animais. Pode ser obtido através da reação de transesterificação entre um álcool e triglicerídeos na presença ou não de um catalisador, tendo como produto um éster, que é o biodiesel, e glicerina. O objetivo deste trabalho foi a avaliação do uso de álcoois de cadeia curta na reação de transesterificação do óleo de soja, utilizando catalisador de base homogênea (hidróxido de potássio), obtendo como resultado o modelo para a conversão da reação e a cinética reacional para o biodiesel feito com butanol. As reações de transesterificação foram realizadas em um reator de vidro encamisado, com condensador acoplado e um banho de aquecimento. Inicialmente, para estudo da conversão foram realizadas as reações com diferentes álcoois variando a razão molar álcool:óleo para o biodiesel utilizando como álcoois o metanol, etanol, 2-propanol e butanol, em seguida para avaliação das demais propriedades, foi realizado um planejamento fatorial 23 com o butanol na reação e com as seguintes condições: razão álcool:óleo de 4:1 a 8:1, 1 a 2%, 1 a 2 horas e 65°C. Para a obtenção do modelo cinético, foram selecionadas amostras entre os tempos t0 e tf (60 minutos). Para todas as amostras foram analisadas a densidade e viscosidade e suas conversões foram medidas utilizando análise termogravimétrica. Na análise de densidade, das amostras obtidas pelo planejamento fatorial, variou entre 889,41 kg/m3 e 850,18 kg/m3, já para a viscosidade variou entre 11,10 cSt e 3,10 cSt. Ao aumentar a conversão em éster, a densidade e a viscosidade sofreram decréscimo em seus valores. Para as análises de conversão, os quatro tipos de álcool com a razão molar 10:1 foram encontradas as conversões: metanol 99,28%, etanol 81,72%, 2-propanol 7,50% e butanol 49,74%. Para o planejamento com butanol, o ponto ótimo ocorreu com razão 8:1, 2% em massa de catalisador, por duas horas, onde obteve 76,24% de conversão. Com o modelo obtido pelo planejamento 23 constatou-se que os três fatores analisados foram significativos, com um erro médio entre os valores preditos e experimentais de 2,3%. A reação se mostrou de segunda ordem com constante cinética de valor 3x10-5 min-1. Sendo assim, pode-se concluir que comparando os álcoois, o metanol obteve melhor rendimento e o biodiesel produzido com butanol obteve valores de conversão condizentes com os trabalhos encontrados na literatura fazendo com que esse álcool seja uma alternativa na produção do biocombustível por advir de fontes renováveis e melhor a lubricidade do combustível. 2021-05-04T19:46:32Z 2021-05-04T19:46:32Z 2021-03-19 masterThesis COSTA, Talita Kênya Oliveira. Avaliação da conversão do óleo de soja em biodiesel utilizando álcoois de cadeia curta. 2021. 132f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Química) - Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2021. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/32373 pt_BR Acesso Aberto application/pdf Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Brasil UFRN PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ENGENHARIA QUÍMICA |