Mudanças climáticas: análise da implementação das contribuições nacionalmente determinadas do Brasil no Acordo de Paris
Over the years, several documents have been signed in an attempt to mitigate the effects caused by intense climate changes. However, almost ten years after the Kyoto Protocol, there were several obstacles to its achievement, culminating in the insufficiency of meeting the determined targets. The...
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Formato: | Dissertação |
Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/31716 |
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Resumo: | Over the years, several documents have been signed in an attempt to mitigate the effects caused
by intense climate changes. However, almost ten years after the Kyoto Protocol, there were
several obstacles to its achievement, culminating in the insufficiency of meeting the determined
targets. The greatest expectation remained in the Conference of the Parties that took place in
Paris (COP 21), at the end of 2015, where the “Paris Agreement” was adopted, marking a new
phase in the international climate regime. The instituted goal was to keep global warming below
2 degrees Celsius, seeking further efforts to limit it to 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial
levels. The main innovation of the Paris Agreement was to bring an approach of selfresponsibility of the Parties to promote their goals, based on the “Nationally Determined
Contributions” (CND) that should be developed at the national level of each State, each one
reflecting its share of responsibility . Based on this historical evolution, the scope of the present
study is to analyze the progress of the implementation of the Nationally Determined
Contributions of the Brazilian State. Brazil has a prominent participation in this scenario, a
country of continental dimensions and which has an enormous potential for contributing to the
objective of the Paris Agreement, having committed itself to a 37% reduction in the emission of
greenhouse gases (GHGs) by 2025 and 43%, by 2030, compared to 2005 levels. To this end, the
Brazilian state decided to invest in specific key sectors of the economy, committing itself to
achieving specific objectives in each one. However, it is questioned that the actions that have
been adopted by the Brazilian government, are sufficient to achieve the commitments voluntarily
assumed at the international level. For this, the present work is prepared to analyze the scope of
the implementation of the Brazilian goal, from the analysis of national and international
documents that point out the trajectory and the difficulties that permeate this challenge for
Brazil. This study uses exploratory and bibliographic research as methodological procedures,
with consultation in printed and electronic media, from access to official documents and virtual
portals of international bodies, as well as to national and international doctrine. Furthermore, the
research is of a qualitative type, which aims to analyze the subjective aspect of the theme. It is
concluded that the actions and programs operated by the Brazilian State, mainly in the current
political government's conjecture, are insufficient to achieve the Brazilian goal. |
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