Salubridade e saneamento ambiental das áreas com concentração de doença no Distrito Sanitário Oeste de Nata-RN
Geography throughout its history as a science was concerned with studying the relationships that occur in the geographical space between man and nature. This incessant search to understand the interferences that human beings practice in the environment, influencing their quality of life, has led...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/31687 |
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| Resumo: | Geography throughout its history as a science was concerned with studying the relationships
that occur in the geographical space between man and nature. This incessant search to
understand the interferences that human beings practice in the environment, influencing their
quality of life, has led to the emergence of several studies and a new field of knowledge
currently called Health Geography. The relationships between health / disease processes and
man / environment, have a great influence on the disorderly urban growth that has been
happening in the last decades in Brazilian cities. Therefore, the analysis of environmental health
in places where diseases are concentrated aims to show the relationship between society and
nature in this environmental and also human health problem that usually happens on a local
scale. In order to analyze the relationship between health and environmental sanitation in the
areas with the highest concentration of cases of Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika diseases, in the
territory of the Western Sanitary District (DSO) of Natal / RN, this dissertation proposes to be
a study that contributes for the territorial planning of Environmental Health Surveillance
belonging to the Municipal Health Secretariat and to other public institutions that work in the
municipality of Natal (SEMURB, CAERN and URBANA), which will be able to carry out
preventive and mitigation actions against epidemics and sanitation in the places of the health
territory with the highest concentrations of cases of Diseases Related to Inadequate
Environmental Sanitation (DRSAI) and a low level of environmental health. The technical and
methodological procedures of this research are divided into two stages: theoretical / conceptual
and operational / empirical. The first stage presents the main documentary and bibliographic
surveys that helped in the theoretical and conceptual reflection on the spatial elements that help
in the understanding of diseases for Health Geography: society, nature, territory and place. The
second stage addresses the technical operational path necessary to achieve the research
objectives, showing from the definition of spatial and temporal scales and the creation of forms,
to how the adaptations and elaborations of the Environmental Health Indicator in Areas with
Concentration of Diseases were carried out ( ISA / ACD) and Spatial Grid Sampling (AEQ).
Such methodological actions, contributed to identify and evaluate through spatial distribution,
43 areas with concentration of the diseases Dengue, Chikungunya and Zika present in the
Territory of the Western Sanitary District of Natal-RN. Thus, the results of the application of
the Environmental Health Indicator in areas with a concentration of disease (ISA / ACD),
revealed that ACDs 15, 19, 42 and 43 are unhealthy places. From this unhealthy context, it was
possible to propose some planning actions, such as: promoting joint actions with the other
municipal departments; carry out monitoring at ACD 42 and in other areas that are close to the
Potengi river bank; conduct a joint survey of teams of endemic and health agents in the priority
and important ACDs; promote an increase in the area covered by the USFs, encompassing other
areas of the DSO where the population is unassisted within the ACDs; and solve the problem
of homes that are leaking from the condominium sewage collection network. These and many
other actions pointed out in the research results, aim to improve the process of identification
and prevention of outbreaks of “arbovirus” diseases in the territory of the Western Sanitary
District of Natal-RN. |
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