Fungos micorrízicos arbusculares (Glomeromycota) em diferentes fitofisionomias na Chapada do Araripe, Ceará, Brasil
Brejos de Altitude are areas of exception or fractions of the perennial tropical rainforest, bringing together both characteristics of the Atlantic Forest and Caatinga biomes, being “islands” of humid forest amid dry vegetation. These environments are usually areas with particular characteristics...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/31404 |
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| Resumo: | Brejos de Altitude are areas of exception or fractions of the perennial tropical rainforest,
bringing together both characteristics of the Atlantic Forest and Caatinga biomes, being
“islands” of humid forest amid dry vegetation. These environments are usually areas with
particular characteristics (vegetation, climate, fauna and soil) different from the environments
that surround them. In such environments, little is known about what are the biotic and abiotic
factors that are directly related to the modification of the biodiversity of microorganisms present
in the soil. Among these, there are the Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), which live
symbiotically associated with most of the roots of the plants, mainly increasing the absorption
of nutrients and facilitating plant growth. These fungi are worldwide and widely studied in
several ecosystems, mainly due to their ecological importance for the maintenance of the
environment, being distributed in the main terrestrial biomes, in which new species are often
known, however the knowledge of the diversity, richness and ecological strategies of these
fungi in areas of brejos de altitude it is scarce and requires more research. In this sense, the goal
of this work was to compare the diversity of FMA species between different
phytophysiognomies of an brejo de altitude, in order to characterize the richness and diversity
of FMA in Chapada do Araripe, Ceará, Brazil. The soil samples were collected in April/2019
in the rainy season. Two types of phytophysiognomies were selected: cerradão and humid
forest. Spores were quantified and morphologically identified to carry out ecological analyzes
of the FMA community. A total of 95 species were recorded, distributed in four orders, 11
families and 17 genera. Some species were detected as indicators of a certain
phytophysiognomy. The number of spores was higher in cerradão compared to humid forest,
but the richness was higher in humid forest. It was observed that the composition of the FMA
communities differed significantly between the phytophysiognomies of Chapada do Araripe.
In addition, a significant change was also observed between the FMA community and the
chemical parameters of the soil, highlighting the influence of some variables. This work also
proposes the morphological description of a new species for the area. The results obtained
demonstrate the importance of environments such as brejos de altitude to be studied with their
different phytophysiognomies, as for the FMA community and that differences in plant
composition, associated with other factors, can provide environmental conditions for the
creation of different microhabitats and have influence in the composition, diversity and
distribution of FMA communities. |
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