O espelho das concessões turísticas em Parques Nacionais do Brasil: uma perspectiva sobre vulnerabilidades
Considering the socio-environmental issue, protected areas (PA) become a pre-condition for the socioeconomic development of contemporary society, which under the sustainability paradigm, assumes tourism as a conservation tool, considering its potential for generating economic and social benefits...
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| Formato: | doctoralThesis |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/31291 |
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| Resumo: | Considering the socio-environmental issue, protected areas (PA) become a pre-condition for
the socioeconomic development of contemporary society, which under the sustainability
paradigm, assumes tourism as a conservation tool, considering its potential for generating
economic and social benefits and appreciation of the environmental and cultural heritage.
Tourism concessions in PA, as an institutional arrangement, emerge as an alternative to take
advantage of this potential and to distribute benefits, which in practice presents a set of
limitations as a tool for sustainable development, considering the political and institutional
contexts. Assuming that concessions are developed from a neoliberal conservation perspective
and its contradictions, this research aims to understand how the political and institutional
context of tourism concessions in national parks in Brazil can imply in the PA tourist system
vulnerabilities. Based on a theoretical-conceptual and empirical analysis, through a qualitative
method approach, this research sought to answer: What does the vulnerability of the PA tourism
system refer to and what are its fundamental elements and factors? What are the factors that
increase vulnerabilities? What is the political, regulatory, and ideological basis that structures
tourist concessions in Brazilian national parks? What are its main responses, limitations and
gaps and how do these elements can be relate to the vulnerabilities of a PA tourism system?
The results point that the main limitations refer to the difficulties of implementing effective
actions in favor of the PA conservation and for social empowerment, as well as satisfactorily
assessing the quality of services and the real environmental and social implications of public
use. Such limitations are mainly due to the lack of public support that weakens institutional
capacity, difficulties involved in the management and monitoring of concessions and the lack
of private organizations’ commitment. In turn, these weaknesses are related to the historical,
political, and institutional context of the policy’s evolution, aligned with the neoliberal
conservation principles. Considering that PA tourism system vulnerability represents the
condition that enhances its susceptibility to a harm as well as limits its ability to attract visitors
and meet the needs of the tourism chain, including all social actors, and the environmental
conservation; as a product of a set of political, institutional, economic, historical-cultural, social
and environmental factors; this research points that the main factors related to the progression
of vulnerability refer to these limitations which emerge from the context of conflicting agendas
under a neoliberal conservation perspective. |
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