Geotecnologias aplicadas à análise ambiental no assentamento de reforma agrária Padre Cícero na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Doce, Ceará-Mirim (RN)
In the state of Rio Grande do Norte, northeast region of Brazil, 286 Federal Land Reform Projects were created, from 1987 to 2019. In total, these settlements occupy an area of 520 thousand hectares, corresponding to 10% of the territory of Rio Grande do Norte, and which live more than twenty tho...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/30869 |
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| Resumo: | In the state of Rio Grande do Norte, northeast region of Brazil, 286 Federal Land Reform
Projects were created, from 1987 to 2019. In total, these settlements occupy an area of 520
thousand hectares, corresponding to 10% of the territory of Rio Grande do Norte, and which
live more than twenty thousand families benefited by the National Agrarian Reform Program.
The Superintendency of the National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform - RN is
the body responsible for managing the reformed areas in the State. Political, structural and
conjunctural aspects consolidated in budget restrictions hinder the work of monitoring the
evolution of the occupation of these settlements. As a result, systematic environmental
inspection and monitoring using traditional field visit methods becomes costly for all RN
settlements. The objective of the research was to investigate the changes, possible impacts and
the current environmental conditions of PA Padre Cícero, seeking to contribute with updated
data and information to improve the planning and environmental management of the occupied
area. Current data on agrarian reform regulations in Brazil and on the environmental
management of agrarian reform settlements in Rio Grande do Norte are also presented. The
Padre Cícero Settlement was selected due to its significant environmental relevance, as it
comprises several microbasins from the sources of the Guajiru River and Rio do Mudo, which
are part of the Rio Doce-RN Hydrographic Basin, which is one of the most important in the
state. Satellite, drone, soil and water analysis were used, in addition to surveys and field
observations. The Land Use and Coverage Map was prepared with a scene from the Sentinel2 satellite, the results of which show that the Padre Cícero Settlement has good vegetation
cover in the Legal Reserve area, that 43% of the area corresponds to uncovered soil and
pasture area , and that surface water resources represent, worryingly, less than 1% of the
settlement area. The soil, Neossolo Quartzarênico, dominant in the area is deficient in
nutrients and susceptible to erosive processes. Water analysis indicated inadequate quality for
human consumption, being usable for animal drinking. It was found that deforestation,
inadequate soil management and irregular occupation of Permanent Preservation Areas are
compromising the quantity and quality of water in the settlement. It is necessary to adopt
environmental recovery measures, mainly the reforestation of the Permanent Preservation
Areas of Lagoa dos Pombos and Riacho Jambolão, which should directly contribute to
improving the quality and quantity of water in the settlement. The use of geotechnologies was
important for the research and, certainly, it can contribute to the studies that aim to improve
the environmental management of the agrarian reform settlements in the perspective of the
use and sustainable use of the land. |
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