Ecological role and historical trends of large pelagic predators in a subtropical marine ecosystem of the South Atlantic

Large pelagic predators occupy high positions in food webs and could control lower trophic level species by direct and indirect ecological interactions. In this study we aimed to test the hypotheses: (1) pelagic predators are keystone species, and their removals could trigger impacts on the food cha...

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Principais autores: Bornatowski, Hugo, Angelini, Ronaldo, Coll, Marta, Barreto, Rodrigo R. P., Amorim, Alberto F.
Formato: article
Idioma:English
Publicado em: Springer
Assuntos:
Ecopath with Ecosim
Fishing simulations
Fishing down food web
Istiophoridae
Sharks
Brazil
Endereço do item:https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/30664
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spelling ri-123456789-306642020-11-29T07:45:28Z Ecological role and historical trends of large pelagic predators in a subtropical marine ecosystem of the South Atlantic Bornatowski, Hugo Angelini, Ronaldo Coll, Marta Barreto, Rodrigo R. P. Amorim, Alberto F. Ecopath with Ecosim Fishing simulations Fishing down food web Istiophoridae Sharks Brazil Large pelagic predators occupy high positions in food webs and could control lower trophic level species by direct and indirect ecological interactions. In this study we aimed to test the hypotheses: (1) pelagic predators are keystone species, and their removals could trigger impacts on the food chain; (2) higher landings of pelagic predators could trigger fishing impacts with time leading to a drop in the mean trophic level of catches; and (3) recovery in the pelagic predators populations, especially for sharks, could be achieved with fishing effort reduction. We performed a food web approach using an Ecopath with Ecosim model to represent the Southeastern and Southern Brazil, a subtropical marine ecosystem, in 2001. We then calibrated the baseline model using catch and fishing effort time series from 2001 to 2012. Afterwards, we simulated the impact of fishing effort changes on species and assessed the ecological impacts on the pelagic community from 2012 to 2025. Results showed that the model was well fitted to landing data for the majority of groups. The pelagic predators species were classified as keystone species impacting mainly on pelagic community. The ecosystem was resilient and fisheries seem sustainable at that time. However, the temporal simulation, from 2001 to 2012, revealed declines in the biomass of three sharks, tuna and billfish groups. It was possible observe declines in the mean trophic level of the catch and in the mean total length of landings. Longline fisheries particularly affected the sharks, billfish and swordfish, while hammerhead sharks were mostly impacted by gillnet fishery. Model simulations showed that large sharks’ biomasses could be recovered or maintained only after strong fishing effort reduction 2020-11-24T18:59:18Z 2020-11-24T18:59:18Z 2017-08-09 article BORNATOWSKI, H.; ANGELINI, R.; COLL, M.; BARRETO, R. R. P.; AMORIM, A.F.. Ecological role and historical trends of large pelagic predators in a subtropical marine ecosystem of the South Atlantic. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries, v. 28, p. 241-259, 2017. Disponível em: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11160-017-9492-z. Acesso em: 13 nov. 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11160-017-9492-z 0960-3166 1573-5184 https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/30664 10.1007/s11160-017-9492-z en Attribution 3.0 Brazil http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/br/ application/pdf Springer
institution Repositório Institucional
collection RI - UFRN
language English
topic Ecopath with Ecosim
Fishing simulations
Fishing down food web
Istiophoridae
Sharks
Brazil
spellingShingle Ecopath with Ecosim
Fishing simulations
Fishing down food web
Istiophoridae
Sharks
Brazil
Bornatowski, Hugo
Angelini, Ronaldo
Coll, Marta
Barreto, Rodrigo R. P.
Amorim, Alberto F.
Ecological role and historical trends of large pelagic predators in a subtropical marine ecosystem of the South Atlantic
description Large pelagic predators occupy high positions in food webs and could control lower trophic level species by direct and indirect ecological interactions. In this study we aimed to test the hypotheses: (1) pelagic predators are keystone species, and their removals could trigger impacts on the food chain; (2) higher landings of pelagic predators could trigger fishing impacts with time leading to a drop in the mean trophic level of catches; and (3) recovery in the pelagic predators populations, especially for sharks, could be achieved with fishing effort reduction. We performed a food web approach using an Ecopath with Ecosim model to represent the Southeastern and Southern Brazil, a subtropical marine ecosystem, in 2001. We then calibrated the baseline model using catch and fishing effort time series from 2001 to 2012. Afterwards, we simulated the impact of fishing effort changes on species and assessed the ecological impacts on the pelagic community from 2012 to 2025. Results showed that the model was well fitted to landing data for the majority of groups. The pelagic predators species were classified as keystone species impacting mainly on pelagic community. The ecosystem was resilient and fisheries seem sustainable at that time. However, the temporal simulation, from 2001 to 2012, revealed declines in the biomass of three sharks, tuna and billfish groups. It was possible observe declines in the mean trophic level of the catch and in the mean total length of landings. Longline fisheries particularly affected the sharks, billfish and swordfish, while hammerhead sharks were mostly impacted by gillnet fishery. Model simulations showed that large sharks’ biomasses could be recovered or maintained only after strong fishing effort reduction
format article
author Bornatowski, Hugo
Angelini, Ronaldo
Coll, Marta
Barreto, Rodrigo R. P.
Amorim, Alberto F.
author_facet Bornatowski, Hugo
Angelini, Ronaldo
Coll, Marta
Barreto, Rodrigo R. P.
Amorim, Alberto F.
author_sort Bornatowski, Hugo
title Ecological role and historical trends of large pelagic predators in a subtropical marine ecosystem of the South Atlantic
title_short Ecological role and historical trends of large pelagic predators in a subtropical marine ecosystem of the South Atlantic
title_full Ecological role and historical trends of large pelagic predators in a subtropical marine ecosystem of the South Atlantic
title_fullStr Ecological role and historical trends of large pelagic predators in a subtropical marine ecosystem of the South Atlantic
title_full_unstemmed Ecological role and historical trends of large pelagic predators in a subtropical marine ecosystem of the South Atlantic
title_sort ecological role and historical trends of large pelagic predators in a subtropical marine ecosystem of the south atlantic
publisher Springer
publishDate 2020
url https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/30664
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AT barretorodrigorp ecologicalroleandhistoricaltrendsoflargepelagicpredatorsinasubtropicalmarineecosystemofthesouthatlantic
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