Potencial da Monoraphidium sp. produzida em cultivos outdoor para obtenção de biocombustíveis de terceira geração
Microalgae are promising biomasses for obtaining third generation (3G) biofuels, because in addition to accumulating large amounts of lipids that can be converted into biodiesel from transesterification, their residual biomass can be used in other conversion processes. In addition, they have rapi...
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Microalgas Monoraphidium sp. Lipídios Biocombustíveis 3G Pirólise flash catalítica HZSM-5 |
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Microalgas Monoraphidium sp. Lipídios Biocombustíveis 3G Pirólise flash catalítica HZSM-5 Delmiro, Thalita Marreiro Potencial da Monoraphidium sp. produzida em cultivos outdoor para obtenção de biocombustíveis de terceira geração |
| description |
Microalgae are promising biomasses for obtaining third generation (3G) biofuels, because
in addition to accumulating large amounts of lipids that can be converted into biodiesel
from transesterification, their residual biomass can be used in other conversion processes.
In addition, they have rapid growth, do not compete with food sources, and can be grown
on a large scale in outdoor cultivation systems. Therefore, the present work aims to
evaluate the potential for the generation of 3G biofuels from biomass of the
Monoraphidium sp., obtained from intensive outdoor crops, through the characterization
of the lipid extract and its conversion through the flash pyrolysis process. For this, the
biomasses were characterized in terms of dry matter, ash, protein, lipids (TL) and
carbohydrates content and also through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA / DTG),
spectroscopy in the middle infrared (FT-IR) and near (FT-NIR). The ash characterization
was carried out through X-ray fluorescence (FRX) and X-ray diffraction (DRX). The lipid
extract, obtained by the Schmid-Bondzynski-Ratzlaff method, was evaluated for its fatty
profile by gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The
preliminary characterization results reveal biomasses with high protein content (20.05 -
34.81%), carbohydrates (22.07% -48.44%) and ash (13.02 - 33.29%). As for TL, the
results varied between 8 - 22% and showed a fatty acid profile rich in C16: 0, C16: 4 ω3, C18: 2 ω-6, C18: 3 ω-3 and C18: 4 ω -3. Catalytic flash pyrolysis (Py-GC / MS) of
biomass before and after extraction and lipid extract was also performed, using zeolite
HZSM-5 as a catalyst, which provided an improvement in the characteristics of the
products generated in relation to conventional pyrolysis. , promoting an increase in the
formation of renewable aromatic hydrocarbons in all three cases. For the lipid extract, a
higher formation of alkanes in the C8-C12 range (16.38%) was observed in comparison to
what was obtained for the biomass pyrolysis before and after extraction, thus indicating
its capacity for generating renewable hydrocarbons that serve as production ranges for biokerosene and mainly biogasoline. It is concluded with these results that
Monoraphidium sp. presents the energy potential for the production of 3G biofuels, either
through the conversion of oil into biodiesel or the production of renewable fuels from
catalytic pyrolysis. |
| author2 |
Braga, Renata Martins |
| author_facet |
Braga, Renata Martins Delmiro, Thalita Marreiro |
| format |
masterThesis |
| author |
Delmiro, Thalita Marreiro |
| author_sort |
Delmiro, Thalita Marreiro |
| title |
Potencial da Monoraphidium sp. produzida em cultivos outdoor para obtenção de biocombustíveis de terceira geração |
| title_short |
Potencial da Monoraphidium sp. produzida em cultivos outdoor para obtenção de biocombustíveis de terceira geração |
| title_full |
Potencial da Monoraphidium sp. produzida em cultivos outdoor para obtenção de biocombustíveis de terceira geração |
| title_fullStr |
Potencial da Monoraphidium sp. produzida em cultivos outdoor para obtenção de biocombustíveis de terceira geração |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Potencial da Monoraphidium sp. produzida em cultivos outdoor para obtenção de biocombustíveis de terceira geração |
| title_sort |
potencial da monoraphidium sp. produzida em cultivos outdoor para obtenção de biocombustíveis de terceira geração |
| publisher |
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| url |
https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/30257 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT delmirothalitamarreiro potencialdamonoraphidiumspproduzidaemcultivosoutdoorparaobtencaodebiocombustiveisdeterceirageracao AT delmirothalitamarreiro potentialofmonoraphidiumspproducedinoutdoorcropstoobtainthirdgenerationbiofuels |
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1773966062458503168 |
| spelling |
ri-123456789-302572020-10-11T07:39:05Z Potencial da Monoraphidium sp. produzida em cultivos outdoor para obtenção de biocombustíveis de terceira geração Potential of Monoraphidium sp. produced in outdoor crops to obtain third generation biofuels Delmiro, Thalita Marreiro Braga, Renata Martins Souza, Domingos Fabiano de Santana Melo, Marcus Antônio de Freitas Santiago, Rodrigo César Microalgas Monoraphidium sp. Lipídios Biocombustíveis 3G Pirólise flash catalítica HZSM-5 Microalgae are promising biomasses for obtaining third generation (3G) biofuels, because in addition to accumulating large amounts of lipids that can be converted into biodiesel from transesterification, their residual biomass can be used in other conversion processes. In addition, they have rapid growth, do not compete with food sources, and can be grown on a large scale in outdoor cultivation systems. Therefore, the present work aims to evaluate the potential for the generation of 3G biofuels from biomass of the Monoraphidium sp., obtained from intensive outdoor crops, through the characterization of the lipid extract and its conversion through the flash pyrolysis process. For this, the biomasses were characterized in terms of dry matter, ash, protein, lipids (TL) and carbohydrates content and also through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA / DTG), spectroscopy in the middle infrared (FT-IR) and near (FT-NIR). The ash characterization was carried out through X-ray fluorescence (FRX) and X-ray diffraction (DRX). The lipid extract, obtained by the Schmid-Bondzynski-Ratzlaff method, was evaluated for its fatty profile by gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The preliminary characterization results reveal biomasses with high protein content (20.05 - 34.81%), carbohydrates (22.07% -48.44%) and ash (13.02 - 33.29%). As for TL, the results varied between 8 - 22% and showed a fatty acid profile rich in C16: 0, C16: 4 ω3, C18: 2 ω-6, C18: 3 ω-3 and C18: 4 ω -3. Catalytic flash pyrolysis (Py-GC / MS) of biomass before and after extraction and lipid extract was also performed, using zeolite HZSM-5 as a catalyst, which provided an improvement in the characteristics of the products generated in relation to conventional pyrolysis. , promoting an increase in the formation of renewable aromatic hydrocarbons in all three cases. For the lipid extract, a higher formation of alkanes in the C8-C12 range (16.38%) was observed in comparison to what was obtained for the biomass pyrolysis before and after extraction, thus indicating its capacity for generating renewable hydrocarbons that serve as production ranges for biokerosene and mainly biogasoline. It is concluded with these results that Monoraphidium sp. presents the energy potential for the production of 3G biofuels, either through the conversion of oil into biodiesel or the production of renewable fuels from catalytic pyrolysis. Microalgas são biomassas promissoras para a obtenção de biocombustíveis de terceira geração (3G), pois a além de acumularem grandes quantidades de lipídeos que podem ser convertidos em biodiesel a partir da transesterificação, a sua biomassa residual pode ser aproveitada em outros processos de conversão. Além disso, possuem crescimento rápido, não compete com fontes de alimentos, podendo ser cultivadas em larga escala em sistemas de cultivos outdoor. Diante disso, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar o potencial de geração de biocombustíveis 3G a partir de biomassas da microalga Monoraphidium sp., obtidas de cultivos intensivos outdoor, através da caracterização do extrato lipídico e de sua conversão através do processo de pirólise flash. Para isso, as biomassas foram caracterizadas quanto ao teor de matéria seca, cinzas, proteínas, lipídeos (TL) e carboidratos e também através de análise termogravimétrica (TGA/DTG), espectroscopia na região do infravermelho médio (FT-IR) e próximo (FTNIR). A caracterização das cinzas foi realizada através de fluorescência de raio X (FRX) e difração de raios X (DRX). Já o extrato lipídico, obtido pelo método SchmidBondzynski-Ratzlaff, foi avaliado quanto ao seu perfil graxo por cromatografia a gás acoplada a um espectrômetro de massa (GC-MS). Os resultados preliminares de caracterização revelam biomassas com alto conteúdo proteico (20,05 - 34,81%), de carboidratos (22,07% -48,44%) e de cinzas (13,02 – 33,29%). Quanto ao TL, os resultados variaram entre 8 – 22% e apresentaram um perfil de ácidos graxos ricos em C16:0, C16:4 ω-3, C18:2 ω-6, C18:3 ω-3 e C18:4 ω-3. Também foi realizada a pirólise flash catalítica (Py-GC/MS) da biomassa antes e após a extração, e do extrato lipídico, utilizando a zeólita HZSM-5 como catalisador, que proporcionou o melhoramento das características dos produtos gerados em relação a pirólise convencional, promovendo o aumento da formação de hidrocarbonetos aromáticos renováveis nos três casos. Para o extrato lipídico foi observada uma maior formação de alcanos na faixa de C8-C12 (16,38%) em comparação ao que foi obtido para a pirólise da biomassa antes e após a extração, indicando assim, a sua capacidade para a geração de hidrocarbonetos renováveis que atendem as faixas de produção do bioquerosene e principalmente da biogasolina. Conclui-se, com esses resultados que a Monoraphidium sp. apresenta potencial energético para produção de biocombustíveis 3G, seja através da conversão do óleo em biodiesel ou produção de combustíveis renováveis a partir da pirólise catalítica. 2020-10-05T18:29:29Z 2020-10-05T18:29:29Z 2020-06-22 masterThesis DELMIRO, Thalita Marreiro. Potencial da Monoraphidium sp. produzida em cultivos outdoor para obtenção de biocombustíveis de terceira geração. 2020. 86f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Engenharia Química) - Centro de Tecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, 2020. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/30257 pt_BR Acesso Aberto application/pdf Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte Brasil UFRN PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ENGENHARIA QUÍMICA |