Potencial da Monoraphidium sp. produzida em cultivos outdoor para obtenção de biocombustíveis de terceira geração
Microalgae are promising biomasses for obtaining third generation (3G) biofuels, because in addition to accumulating large amounts of lipids that can be converted into biodiesel from transesterification, their residual biomass can be used in other conversion processes. In addition, they have rapi...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/30257 |
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| Resumo: | Microalgae are promising biomasses for obtaining third generation (3G) biofuels, because
in addition to accumulating large amounts of lipids that can be converted into biodiesel
from transesterification, their residual biomass can be used in other conversion processes.
In addition, they have rapid growth, do not compete with food sources, and can be grown
on a large scale in outdoor cultivation systems. Therefore, the present work aims to
evaluate the potential for the generation of 3G biofuels from biomass of the
Monoraphidium sp., obtained from intensive outdoor crops, through the characterization
of the lipid extract and its conversion through the flash pyrolysis process. For this, the
biomasses were characterized in terms of dry matter, ash, protein, lipids (TL) and
carbohydrates content and also through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA / DTG),
spectroscopy in the middle infrared (FT-IR) and near (FT-NIR). The ash characterization
was carried out through X-ray fluorescence (FRX) and X-ray diffraction (DRX). The lipid
extract, obtained by the Schmid-Bondzynski-Ratzlaff method, was evaluated for its fatty
profile by gas chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer (GC-MS). The
preliminary characterization results reveal biomasses with high protein content (20.05 -
34.81%), carbohydrates (22.07% -48.44%) and ash (13.02 - 33.29%). As for TL, the
results varied between 8 - 22% and showed a fatty acid profile rich in C16: 0, C16: 4 ω3, C18: 2 ω-6, C18: 3 ω-3 and C18: 4 ω -3. Catalytic flash pyrolysis (Py-GC / MS) of
biomass before and after extraction and lipid extract was also performed, using zeolite
HZSM-5 as a catalyst, which provided an improvement in the characteristics of the
products generated in relation to conventional pyrolysis. , promoting an increase in the
formation of renewable aromatic hydrocarbons in all three cases. For the lipid extract, a
higher formation of alkanes in the C8-C12 range (16.38%) was observed in comparison to
what was obtained for the biomass pyrolysis before and after extraction, thus indicating
its capacity for generating renewable hydrocarbons that serve as production ranges for biokerosene and mainly biogasoline. It is concluded with these results that
Monoraphidium sp. presents the energy potential for the production of 3G biofuels, either
through the conversion of oil into biodiesel or the production of renewable fuels from
catalytic pyrolysis. |
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