Avaliação da qualidade de água em um trecho da bacia hidrográfica do rio Maxaranguape (RN): contribuições para a educação em ciências e ambiental
Aquatic ecosystems have undergone significant changes, due to degrading processes observed due to human activities, compromising its quality. The objective of this work was to evaluate the water quality in a stretch of the Maxaranguape river hydrographic basin, from the spring of Pureza (RN), whi...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/29978 |
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| Resumo: | Aquatic ecosystems have undergone significant changes, due to degrading processes
observed due to human activities, compromising its quality. The objective of this work
was to evaluate the water quality in a stretch of the Maxaranguape river hydrographic
basin, from the spring of Pureza (RN), which is used to supply water to the population
and also as a tourist attraction. Samples of water and sediment were collected at six points
of the river, from September 2016 to April 2017, monthly, for analysis of nutrients, metals
and microorganisms. The socioenvironmental actions comprised activities based on
investigative teaching aimed at scientific literacy and building for responsible citizenship
and were carried out at the Henrique de Oliveira Fagundes Municipal School, in PurezaRN. The analysis of the water samples showed that the concentrations of nutrients, chlorophyll and heavy metals were within the limits provided by the environmental legislation, representing good conditions for the water body. The Kruskal Wallis nonparametric statistical test showed a significant difference in the collection points, when
compared pairwise, for the variables of Nitrogen (the points P1, P2 and P3 had higher
means than the others), Phosphorus (P3 and P4 with higher averages), Temperature (P5
with higher average), Turbidity (P1 with lower average than all other points and P3 with
higher average) and Conductivity (P6 with higher concentration average than the other
points), reflecting the use and the occupation of its soil. In the microbiological analysis,
the presence of coliforms was verified in the stretch of the studied river and, considering
the use of it's water for human consumption, it should be absent. The analysis of heavy
metals in the sediment revealed the presence of Cadmium with values above the allowed
by the specific legislation, which may represent a potential risk by poisoning, because,
despite being in the sediment, they are released in the water column, in low pH conditions.
From the analysis of the data collected before and after the performance of socioenvironmental activities, a greater perception expressed by the students was noticed, in
their drawings, speeches, interviews and posters. After the interpretive trail at Fonte de
Pureza, it was detected that the students produced drawings with more landscape elements
and a greater relationship between man and nature, as well as in the interviews, they used
a more coherent speech and with more sensitivity to the environment. With the realization
of the scientific literacy workshop, it was possible to compare the initial and final
conceptions of the students, who demonstrated, in the questions after the workshop,
greater perception in their speeches about the relationship between science and our daily
life, demystifying the idea that the science is something distant and that only the scientist
is the one who can practice it and they demonstrated the knowledge about science being
at home, at school, at their parents' work and all around us. According to the above, the
participation of the university in the community's access to research information is
essential, mainly in the school environment, due to its role in citizen formation, as well
as the deepening in monitoring an important source like the one studied, to maintain the
quality of its waters, contributing to the quality of life in the region. |
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