Análise e estimativa de inventários de emissões veiculares no estado do Rio Grande do Norte
Air quality in a given region is defined by a combination of weather conditions and local emissions. The increasing number of air pollutants sources causes impacts on human health while also having an impact on climate and the environment. One way of assessing the flow characteristics of these po...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
| Publicado em: |
Brasil
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/28432 |
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| Resumo: | Air quality in a given region is defined by a combination of weather conditions and local
emissions. The increasing number of air pollutants sources causes impacts on human health
while also having an impact on climate and the environment. One way of assessing the flow
characteristics of these pollutants is through the use of emission inventories, tools that
quantify emission rates from various sources, to serve as a basis for the evaluation of
atmospheric chemistry and for air quality management in a region. In Brazil many states
need studies that characterize atmospheric composition, the Northeast Region mainly
because of its fastly expanding urban areas and lack of studies on the subject. In this
context, the objective of this study was a diagnosis of atmospheric emissions from vehicular
sources in the state of Rio Grande do Norte (RN). Initially, for the first time, emissions
generated by the global inventory Emission Database for Global Atmospheric Research
(EDGAR) were evaluated for the state through the emissions module (EEM) of the
atmospheric chemistry model European Air Pollution Dispersion (EURAD-IM). The
adjustment of the EDGAR inventory was performed and the date were processed in the
format necessary for the estimates, focusing on the road transport sector. Then, emission
maps were generated for the region, identifying the main cities and the main vehicular traffic
routes, in order to verify the accuracy of their spatial distribution, that is, to evaluate if the
inventory represented the different emission source fluxes correctly. In addition, a Top-Down
approach was performed with the VEIN vehicle emissions model, where sources could also
be evaluated by vehicle type, fuel and fleet age. The largest pollutant was CO (23.789 t.yr
-
1
), followed by NOx (11.485 t.yr-1
), HCNM (3.359 t.yr-1
), PM (501 t.yr-1
) and SOx ( 384 t.yr1
). Light vehicles such as cars and motorcycles are mainly responsible for carbon monoxide
(CO) emissions. These vehicles, which mostly consume gasoline or alcohol, are also
responsible for more than 80% of HCNM emissions. While diesel-powered heavy-duty
vehicles contribute to most of the emissions of particulate matter (PM), sulfur oxides (SOx)
and nitrogen oxides (NOx). The results of these estimates have improved information for the
region, as the VEIN emission maps have a much higher level of detail compared to the
global inventory. With this work it was possible to obtain a better understanding of the
pollutant emission fluxes and the spatial distribution, as well as the knowledge of the most
relevant places and vehicle types in the sources contribution. Improvements have been
made to vehicle emission data, generating a more realistic and higher resolution emission
inventory for the region, which will contribute in the future to the study and management of
air quality in RN and the NEB. |
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