Beneficiamento de resíduo atmosférico de petróleo por destilação catalítica
The first step of oil refining is the atmospheric distillation in which a bottom product named atmospheric residue (AR) is formed. The retrieval of this residue is important, since there is an increasing global demand for petroleum. The catalytic distillation is a technique that combines componen...
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| Formato: | doctoralThesis |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/28204 |
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| Resumo: | The first step of oil refining is the atmospheric distillation in which a bottom product
named atmospheric residue (AR) is formed. The retrieval of this residue is important,
since there is an increasing global demand for petroleum. The catalytic distillation is a
technique that combines component separation with reactivity process to obtain lighter
derivatives such as gasoline and diesel. In this study, the AR was subjected to
distillation under atmospheric pressure in its pure form (conventional) and with the
addition of both HY zeolite and MCM-41 mesoporous material (catalytic). In order to
characterize the AR, physical-chemical and rheological parameters were determined.
The effectiveness of the processing was investigated through thermogravimetric
analysis and gas chromatography. Kinetic parameters were calculated through kinetic
model proposed by Flynn-Wall. The obtained results showed that the used residue can
be classified as heavy, viscous and low pour point oil. Concerning the distillation
curves, the addition of HY enabled a higher percentage of retrieval (50%), followed by
pure residue (41%) and HY/MCM-41 mixture (25%). Furthermore, thermogravimetric
data revealed two events of mass loss for AR, occurring between 100 and 390 ºC and
390 and 590 º C. Such events correspond to volatilization and thermal cracking,
respectively. Three mass loss events for the distillates were revealed, being the first
event the most evident one in the catalytic distillation with HY and occurring between
30 and 70 º C. A decrease of kinetic energy occurred in the reactions of thermal
cracking of the distillates when compared to AR. Chromatogram analysis enabled both
the identification of a higher yield of gasoline and kerosene for catalytic distillation
using HY and majority production of heavy diesel and gasoil when HY/MCM-41
mixture was added as catalyst. In addition, residue distillation without catalyst
produced more heavy gasoil and lubricating oil. |
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