A influência do uso da realidade virtual no padrão de ativação cortical e no desempenho de atividade de dupla tarefa em idosos
(Introduction) Dual task (TD) activities combine tasks with cognitive and motor characteristics, being very present in daily life and predispose the older adults to falls. In this sense, investigating motor performance and knowing the brain activation pattern of the older adults during dual-task...
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| Formato: | doctoralThesis |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/28105 |
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| Resumo: | (Introduction) Dual task (TD) activities combine tasks with cognitive and motor characteristics,
being very present in daily life and predispose the older adults to falls. In this sense, investigating
motor performance and knowing the brain activation pattern of the older adults during dual-task
activities is essential for preventive measures to be taken regarding the deleterious effects of aging
and, especially, the risk of falls and their consequences. (Objectives) From this perspective, the
study aimed to understand the pattern of brain activation of the older adults during the
performance of a dual-task activity, to know the behavior and pattern of cortical activation of
alpha and beta waves during the performance of two activities, dual task with different
complexities and to compare the influence of a non-immersive virtual reality exercise program
with a conventional exercise program on the performance of two dual task activities (minor and
major complexity) and on the pattern of cortical wave activation alpha and beta. (Methods) In
order to answer the first objective, an observational and cross-sectional study was carried out with
30 elderly aged 65-75 years who underwent a DT activity through the Functional Ambulatory
Test (TDF), with electroencephalographic activity, monitored by Emotiv EPOC to observe
cortical activation in TD performance. To answer the second objective, an observational and
cross-sectional study was conducted with 30 older adults aged 65-75 years who had their cortical
activation pattern measured by the Emotiv EPOC® electroencephalogram. During the execution
of the TDF, which sets up a dual task activity and consists of walking following a sequence of
numbers (simple task) and a sequence of letters and alternating numbers (complex task). For the
third objective, a comparative study was performed with 13 subjects of both sexes, submitted to
the brain mapping evaluation through EPOC, during the Functional Ambulatory Test. After the
evaluation, the subjects were randomized to the experimental (virtual reality exercises) and
control (conventional exercises) groups, and completed an exercise program for 12 weeks and
twice a week. Upon completion of the protocol, subjects were reevaluated following the same
pre-intervention criteria. (Results) The brain mapping analysis of the less complex task showed
greater activation for alpha and beta waves in the premotor cortex and the supplementary motor
area E, in addition to the temporal cortex R. The complex task predominantly activated the right
cerebral hemisphere. The results obtained for the performance in the dual task activities showed
that, for the simple task, the control group presented a significant reduction in the acting time; As
for the complex task, the experimental group significantly reduced the number of errors.
Regarding brain mapping, the alpha wave increased significantly in the FC6 area (primary motor
cortex), and the beta wave significantly decreased in the right prefrontal area (AF4) and the left somatosensory and association cortex (P7) only for the control group during the performance of
the least complex task. (Conclusion) From the results found, it can be concluded that the task of
greater complexity required more execution time and more errors, besides activating the right
hemisphere predominantly. The tasks activated brain areas corresponding to executive, motor,
and association function, and the virtual reality exercise program did not significantly change the
brain activity pattern for alpha and beta; As for conventional exercises, there was an increase in
alpha and a decrease in beta, suggesting cognitive-motor learning in the less complex task. As for
the performance of double task activity, virtual reality exercises reduced the number of errors of
the most complex activity, while conventional exercises reduced the performance time of the less
complex double task activity. |
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