Inhibitory control, brain function and exercise in special populations
Inhibitory control is an executive function based on the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and is suggested to play a key role in healthy behaviors. Impairment of this cognitive function has been described in individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) and obesity. On the other hand, aerobic exercise and...
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| Formato: | doctoralThesis |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Brasil
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/27919 |
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| Resumo: | Inhibitory control is an executive function based on the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and is
suggested to play a key role in healthy behaviors. Impairment of this cognitive function has
been described in individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) and obesity. On the other
hand, aerobic exercise and cardiorespiratory fitness has been shown to improve inhibitory
control suggesting its potential role in preventing and treating impulsivity and unhealthy
behaviors. Here we present four studies that investigated the interaction between inhibitory
control, brain function, and exercise in individuals with substance use disorder and children
with different body composition. In the first study, we review the chronic effects of aerobic
exercise in individuals with SUD and propose a psychobiological model of exercise for
future clinical trials in this population. On the second study, we showed the acute effects
of aerobic exercise on inhibitory control and PFC oxygenation in individuals with SUD. On
the third study, we showed how fat mass in children was associated with poorer foodspecific inhibitory control, independent of the cardiorespiratory fitness. And, in the fourth
study, using an MRI scanner, we have identified the neural correlates associated with the
food-specific inhibitory control in children. Together, our studies showed the potential
benefits of keeping healthy behaviors, such as aerobic exercising and decreased levels of
fat mass, on inhibitory control and brain function in special populations. |
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