Os caminhos da inclusão social à luz da Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos: um olhar sobre a categoria dos catadores de materiais reutilizáveis e recicláveis
In August 2010, the National Solid Waste Policy - (Federal Law No. 12,305) went into force in Brazil. Through the validity of such law, municipal responsibilities were proposed regarding the integrated management of solid waste. It was indicated that recyclable and reusable material collectors sh...
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Formato: | doctoralThesis |
Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/27372 |
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Resumo: | In August 2010, the National Solid Waste Policy - (Federal Law No. 12,305) went into
force in Brazil. Through the validity of such law, municipal responsibilities were
proposed regarding the integrated management of solid waste. It was indicated that
recyclable and reusable material collectors should be part of the municipal selective
waste collection programs. The law also specified that it is necessary to promote
economic emancipation and social inclusion of these historically excluded individuals.
As a model for social inclusion, the policy clarifies information regarding the need to
create of self-managed organizations (cooperatives and associations) of collectors as
well as the need to hire them for municipal selective collection. Although, in Brazil,
these types of contracts are not yet common, these organizations are being included in
the selective collection programs. On the other hand, the existence of different internal
realities within these organizations may lead to the need of further research related to
local public support that may in the long run, avert the organizations away from the
legally established goals. Thus, the following research questions were proposed: In the
same realm of relations, do organization, collectors and the municipal public power
have the same capacity of social inclusion? What factors contribute to distancing
organizations from the reach the legal purposes? It is assumed that the relationship
between collectors, municipal public power issues such as the effectiveness of the
municipal selective collection program, the diversity of partnerships established by the
organizations, the leadership on behalf of representatives and the self-management
capacity of the organizations contribute to the existence of different inclusion realities.
Thus, this work aims to study the social inclusion of Recyclable Materials Collectors
according to the established model within the Brazilian National Solid Waste Policy. In
order to carry out the study, it was essential to discuss the labor activity carried out by
these collectors and present the Brazilian model of social inclusion of these individuals
according to national Law 12,305 guidelines. After this research phase, case studies
were carried out. These considered the recyclable materials collectors organizations in
Rio de Janeiro Curitiba and Natal. In order to address the specific realities of the
selected organizations, the sustainability indicators developed by the Brazilian National
Health Foundation in 2017 were used as guidelines. It was possible to analyze
leadership profiles of those who were responsible for the organization during the
research. In the end, it was verified that organizations that have the same support
offered by the public power presented a differentiated capacity according to aspects
such as the president leadership profile, effectiveness of the municipal selective
collection program, as well as the diversity of partnerships organizations. In addition to
this, and in spite of legal predictions, the surveyed organizations still presented
challenges related to management, operational efficiency, working conditions, health
and safety on behalf of the collectors. |
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