Efeitos da adição de tecido de fibra de vidro tipo E a um compósito de resina poliéster e tecido de fibra de algodão
In recent years, the need for new applications, as well as factors related to environmental degradation and the use of non-renewable energy sources, has brought the demand for sustainable materials that meet specific properties such as: low weight, competitive cost and mechanical resistance compa...
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| Formato: | doctoralThesis |
| Idioma: | pt_BR |
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Brasil
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/27366 |
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| Resumo: | In recent years, the need for new applications, as well as factors related to
environmental degradation and the use of non-renewable energy sources, has
brought the demand for sustainable materials that meet specific properties such as:
low weight, competitive cost and mechanical resistance compatible with each
application. This has driven the development and use of composite materials
composed of polymer matrices and natural fiber fillers. However, it is worth
mentioning that the use of these materials occurs mainly in non-structural
applications, since natural fibers generally play the role of filler. To counterbalance
this disadvantage, one aspect that is being sought is the hybridization of the load of
these composite materials, mixing natural fibers with synthetic fibers such as glass
fiber. Taking this into account, this research consisted of evaluating the effect of
hybridization in a composite material with a polyester resin matrix and load of
cotton fiber fabric and E-glass fiber fabric. Three configurations were selected for
the proposed composite material: 4TFA+5TFVE, 5TFA+6TFVE and 6TFA+7TFVE,
which had 4, 5 and 6 layers of cotton fiber fabric and 5, 6 and 7 layers of fiberglass
fabric, respectively. A characterization study was carried out in each of these
configurations to evaluate density, tensile, flexural and impact strength, hardness,
thermal conductivity and diffusivity, specific volumetric heat, thermal stability and
resistance to natural aging and to water absorption. In addition, the specimens that
were submitted to the tensile test were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy,
to enable an identification of the fault mechanisms and possible defects present in
the composites. The results were compared with those of a non-hybrid composite
material of the same matrix, but with cotton fiber fabric load only, developed in a
research found in the literature. The technical feasibility of the proposed material as
an engineering material was demonstrated, since all the configurations studied
presented density similar to that of the matrix and provided increases in the
mechanical properties of the resin. This provides lightness and represents a broad
applicability potential, such as the wind turbine that was fabricated in this study to
attest the processability of the material. Among the studied configurations, the one
that stood out the most was the 6TFA + 7TFVE, because it provided greater
mechanical resistance to the matrix, mainly the impact resistance, which was
increased more than five times. The hybrid composite presented higher mechanical
strength than the non-hybrid composite, which demonstrated the efficiency of the
hybridization process to overcome the mechanical deficiency of the natural fibers. |
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