Microemulsões e nanoemulsões com constituintes Álcali-Surfactante-Polímero aplicados na recuperação avançada de petróleo
The primary and secondary oil recovery can only extract, on average, 30 % of the oil discovered, so it is important to apply advanced oil recovery (EOR) to increase the productivity of the reservoirs. Among the special methods of oil recovery, we emphasize the chemical method in which components...
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| Materialtyp: | doctoralThesis |
| Språk: | por |
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| Länkar: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/26627 |
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| Sammanfattning: | The primary and secondary oil recovery can only extract, on average, 30 % of the oil
discovered, so it is important to apply advanced oil recovery (EOR) to increase the
productivity of the reservoirs. Among the special methods of oil recovery, we
emphasize the chemical method in which components such as surfactants,
microemulsions, polymers and alkaline solutions are injected with the intent of
increasing and facilitating the displacement of the oil from the reservoir rock. The
combination of polymer, surfactant and alkali on the same fluid bank known as the
alkali-surfactant-polymer method (ASP) has favorable characteristics for EOR
application. In this work, microemulsified and nanoemulsified multicomponent systems
with ASP constituents were developed for application in the inversion of reservoir rock
wettability and EOR. By means of the pseudo-ternary diagrams obtained in the
aqueous phase rich region, a microemulsion point (WIV) was selected, with the
following composition: 15 % C/S (C/S ratio of 0.5), 0.5 % OP and 84,5 % AP, with
distilled water or 1.5 % alkali solution. The sodium carbonate was used as an alkalizing
agent and subsequently 0.6 % of three commercial polyacrylamide polymers in the
aqueous phase were applied to obtain new microemulsions. With the ASP
microemulsion points, by the dilution method, nanoemulsions were formulated with low
concentrations of inputs, containing 1.5 % C/S, 0.05 % OP and 98.39 % AP containing
1.5 % Na2CO3 and 0.06 % polymer. The microemulsions and nanoemulsions were
characterized by the mean droplet diameter, the maximum size and shape of the
micellar aggregates, potential of hydrogen, surface tension, viscosity and rheological
behavior using mathematical models and, finally, applied in the inversion of wettability
and EOR in Botucatu sandstone. The droplet sizes showed characteristic values of
micellar aggregates, the maximum dimension was 4.2 nm and the micelles formats
were oblate ellipse, sphere and hollow sphere. The pH confirmed an alkaline value (pH
of 10.0 ± 0.5) and the surface tension was reduced, with values below 35.0 mN/m at
25 ± 1 ° C. For the microemulsions without polymer and the nanoemulsions the
rheological behavior was newtonian type, and for the others microemulsions the
mathematical rheological model was of non newtonian fluids. The viscosity of the
microemulsions with polymers were from 19 to 41 cP at 25 ± 1 °C, all higher than the
average oil (29.3 °API) present in the Botucatu sandstone, which presents a value of
14.5 cP. All the formulated systems left the rock water wettable, being efficient in the
inversion of wettability, favoring the dislodging of the oil. The recovery results have
proven the efficiency of sweeping and displacement of microemulsions and
nanoemulsions, providing total oil recoveries range from 65 % to 97 %. |
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