Sistema de Apoio a Decisão Espacial (SADE) para definição de corredores ecológicos em escala grande
Considering the negative effects of forest fragmentation, alternatives have emerged that aim at the conservation of several biomes. Among these alternatives, we highlight the creation of ecological corridors by connecting forest remnants, increasing the connectivity of the landscape and providing...
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Formato: | doctoralThesis |
Idioma: | por |
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Brasil
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Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/25611 |
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Resumo: | Considering the negative effects of forest fragmentation, alternatives have emerged that aim at
the conservation of several biomes. Among these alternatives, we highlight the creation of
ecological corridors by connecting forest remnants, increasing the connectivity of the landscape
and providing significant gains in relation to biodiversity. The institutional projects for the
implementation of ecological corridors in Brazil use a regional scale, focus only on the
indication of areas for conservation and do not show how to connect such areas. For the
establishment of ecological corridors are required multidisciplinary analyzes for the decision
on the most appropriate routes to interconnect the forest fragments, in addition to a municipal
work scale, since it is the smallest unit of territorial management and for offering a detail that
allows the detailed evaluation of the elements that compose the landscape. In this context,
Geography can provide important contributions, through the analysis of the integrated
landscape and the use of modeling from Geographic Information Systems (GIS), making the
decision making process more consistent from the conformation of Support Systems the Space
Decision (SADE). The present research aims to develop a Spatial Decision Support System at
a municipal scale with the aim of applying a concept / system of ecological corridor based on
the perspective of integrated analysis of the landscape in the area covered by the Atlantic Forest
biome. To do so, the methodology adopted is based on the modeling of the landscape from the
Geosystemic approach and subdivided four stages: Analysis, Integration, Synthesis and
Application. In the first stage, the forest fragmentation, the conservation and the risk of
disturbance in forest remnants are analyzed. In the second stage, the criteria for composition of
the four models created in the third stage are selected. These models are designed to indicate
potential areas for the implementation of ecological corridors from the environmental
perspective (potential for erosion), socioeconomic (costs, minor routes, land prices), legislative
(areas protected by environmental legislation) and integrated (combination of elements
environmental, socioeconomic and legislative). Based on these models, in the Application
stage, interconnection routes denominated "Scenarios" were proposed, which will support the
decision making in order to connect the forest fragments of the study area. The results indicated
that the ecological corridor proposals of each scenario reflect different ways of analyzing the
landscape. The proposed connection of Scenario 3 (legislative) presents good possibilities of
application, due to the legal support for the protection of the areas used and the environmental
and socioeconomic feasibility of these areas. The set of connection proposals of Scenario 4.4
(integrated without weight assignment) presented the greatest number of advantages compared
to the parameters of comparison between the proposed Scenarios. However, the choice of one
proposal to the detriment of the others depends directly on the objectives of the decision maker,
who in turn must evaluate which of the proposals best suits their interests or also use SADE to
carry out new tests to create other Scenarios of ecological corridors. |
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