Prevalência de Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina em pacientes HIV positivo atendidos em um Hospital de referência na cidade do Natal-RN
The bacterial species Staphylococcus aureus is considered one of the most important human pathogens. And, a notable feature of this species is the ability to acquire resistance to antibiotics, with methicillin resistance being one of the most significant. Recent studies have shown the presence of...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | por |
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/25524 |
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| Resumo: | The bacterial species Staphylococcus aureus is considered one of the most important human
pathogens. And, a notable feature of this species is the ability to acquire resistance to
antibiotics, with methicillin resistance being one of the most significant. Recent studies have
shown the presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in certain
population groups, such as HIV-positive patients, in whom increased risk of infection by this
strain has been observed. The objective of the study is to determine the prevalence of MRSA
colonizing HIV positive patients treated at a referral hospital in the city of Natal-RN and to
relate the presence of MRSA with factors associated with the clinical condition of the
individuals. To that end, all HIV-positive patients being treated at the hospital selected for the
study were invited to participate in the study and asked to be enrolled in the ICF. A crosssectional
and descriptive study was carried out, in which the biological samples of the
participants were obtained through nasal swabs. These were seeded in the salted mannitol
agar medium for the isolation of S. aureus. The colonies suggestive of this species were
submitted to laboratory tests of identification as Gram staining, susceptibility to bacitracin
and the tests of catalase and free coagulase. The identification of the S. aureus strain resistant
to methicillin (MRSA) was performed using the disk-diffusion technique, using as a marker
the cefoxitin disc as recommended by the CLSI 2017. The same technique was used to
evaluate the susceptibility to other antimicrobials. Detection of mecA and lukF genes through
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was also performed. The information regarding the clinical
condition of the participants was obtained through an interview, consisting of 16 questions.
Of the 400 patients who participated in the study, 129 (32.2%) were colonized by S. aureus.
Of these, nine (2.2%) were MRSA, confirmed by the presence of the mecA gene. As for the
lukF gene, only five harbored this gene. Most MRSA showed sensitivity to most of the
antibiotics tested. However, three samples showed resistance to more than two classes of
antimicrobials. No association was found between S. aureus colonization, including the
MRSA lineage and the factors related to the individuals studied. However, the presence of
MRSA lineage, recognized for its virulence and ease in acquiring mechanisms of
antimicrobial resistance, colonizing patients that presents greater vulnerability to infections
may represent a risk factor for this segment of the population. |
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