Vulnerabilidade e adaptação no Seridó Potiguar: a (i)mobilidade e estratégias domiciliares
Recent studies indicate that extreme events will intensify and may lead to the displacement of entire populations in some regions, mainly semi-arid regions where the drought phenomenon is recurrent. In this sense, migration, among other strategies such as fertility regulation, can be understood a...
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| Formato: | Dissertação |
| Idioma: | por |
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/25340 |
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| Resumo: | Recent studies indicate that extreme events will intensify and may lead to the displacement of
entire populations in some regions, mainly semi-arid regions where the drought phenomenon
is recurrent. In this sense, migration, among other strategies such as fertility regulation, can be
understood as alternatives for families to adjust to a situation of threat of resource scarcity or
loss of socioeconomic status. However, the association between environmental change and
migration is still inconclusive, both due to the difficulty of dissociating individual motivations
and economic character, as well as the limitations of population surveys. In addition,
migration is just one of a range of strategies for adapting to environmental change. Based on
census data and a survey carried out from January 2017 on with more than 1,000 urban
households of Seridó Potiguar, a region located in the Northeastern Semi-arid region, the
objective of this work is to understand how families adjust their responses to droughts, and /
or other home strategies. The methodology used consists of descriptive statistics and
statistical tests of sample representativeness (Deff statistic) and confidence intervals at the
95% level of significance. This paper also aims to understand how household demographic
composition and institutional political issues can affect the decisions of these households. The
main results show that the household demographic composition may have influenced
decisions as well as the result of the migratory process. Above all, the smaller proportion of
children under 15 years of age for migrant households suggests a combination of adaptation
strategies with fertility regulation and migration. Remittances sent by emigrants to their
families in the region of origin were more present for families with lower income levels, up to
two minimum wages per capita. The motivations for migrations in the Seridó region are
diverse as well as the reasons for not migrating that are complex decisions that usually
involve a certain degree of individual motivations and at the same time collective and
domiciliary character. Although most households that did not opt for migration perceive
certain risk situations in their place of origin, the type of response to these pressures may vary
according to the capacity of the institutions. Income transfer programs have shown great
relevance in this process either by supporting households without emigrants or by subsidizing
the emigration of at least one resident. Finally, it is concluded that the migration and / or the
supply of work in urban spaces have been important tools for families to deal with the risk,
either with droughts or by pressures of an endogenous nature. Thus, the population
concentration in the urban area that appears to be the result of these changes, although
presenting certain advantages, especially speaking of domiciliary strategies such as the search
for occupations in the urban labor market to increase family income, requires wellstrengthened
institutions to manage the risks. |
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