Distúrbios do sono na população brasileira: análise dos fatores associados às queixas de redução da função reparadora do sono, insônia, sonolência e suas implicações em morte e eventos cardio-cerebrovasculares
Sleep disturbances are characterized by changes in the sleep-wake cycle. Studies on sleep conditions and their repercussions on the Brazilian population are mostly in the clinical context, reducing the impact of the findings. The aim was to identify biological/health, behavioral and social factors a...
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| Formato: | doctoralThesis |
| Idioma: | por |
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| Endereço do item: | https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/24804 |
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| Resumo: | Sleep disturbances are characterized by changes in the sleep-wake cycle. Studies on sleep conditions and their repercussions on the Brazilian population are mostly in the clinical context, reducing the impact of the findings. The aim was to identify biological/health, behavioral and social factors associated with complaints of reduction of sleep repair function (SRF), insomnia and excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) in the Brazilian population, as well as the effects of these complaints on the occurrence of death and cardio-cerebrovascular events in the elderly. The study was developed in two designs. The first was an analysis of cross-sectional data from the National Health Survey of 2013. This study aimed to estimate the occurrence of reduced SRF, complaints of insomnia and excessive sleepiness and their associations. The second design is a prospective cohort of community-based older adults in 2009, divided into a group of exposed to insomnia and EDS and unexposed complaints, to estimate their effects on mortality and cardiovascular events at eight years follow-up. The cross-sectional data analyzes were performed using Cox modeling with inclusion of sample weights in the estimation of the estimates and for the prospective data, Poisson modeling was applied. It was adopted α≤0.05. The study was submitted to the Research Ethics Committee of Hospital Onofre Lopes, receiving opinion 2,048,708. The results of the first study indicate that approximately 28.2% (95% CI: 27.4% -29.0%) of adults and 34.1% (95% CI: 32.6% -35.7%) in the elderly report complaints of insomnia and drowsiness. Sleep RF was reduced by 34.1% (95% CI: 32.6% -35.7%) in adults and 29.2% (95% CI: 27.2% -30.6%) in the elderly. Complaints of insomnia/EDS were reported in 28.2% (95% CI: 27.4% -29.0%) in adults and 34.1% (95% CI: 32.6% -35.7%) in the elderly. In adults, the reduction of RF stands out in relation to women (PRadj1=1.12; 95%CI:1.05-1.20/PRadj2=1.22; 95%CI:1.09-1,37), low social strata DE (PRadj1=1.21; 1.07-1.35/PRadj2=1.42;1.18-1.71) and C (PRadj1=1.30;1.12-1.50), depressive symptoms (PRadj1=3.22;2.94-3.52/PRadj2=3.29;2.83-383), emotional behavioral oscillation (PRadj1=1.51;1.41-1.63 /PRadj2=1.66;1.46-1.89), bad general health perception (PRadj1= 1.32;1.20-1.38 / PRadj2=2.30;2.05-2.90), bad perception of oral health (PRadj1=1.11;1.04-1.19), chronic health condition (PRadj1=1.23;1.15-1.31/PRadj2=1.42;1.26-1.61), insomnia/EDS complaints (PRadj1=2.47:2.28-2.67/PRadj2=3.03;1.23-1.42), livening urban areas (PRadj2=1.31;1.101.5). Low weight (PRadj1=0.82;0.690.98), healthy life style (PRadj1=0.91:0.830.99/PRadj2=0.74;0,64-0,87) and low social support (PRadj1=0.88;0.80-0.96) are inversely associated with reduction of RF in adults. In the elderly, the reduction in RF is associated with white (PRadj2=1.18;1.01-1.39), daily activities difficulty (PRadj1=1.13;1.01-1,27/PRadj2=1.36;1,12-1,65), use computer/internet (PRadj1=1.14;1.01-1.30) and, as well as in adults, depressive symptoms(PRadj1=3.37;2.87-3.97/PRadj2=3.77;2.88-4.96), behavioral oscillation (PRadj1=1.75;1.46-2.24), bad general health perception (PRadj1=1.50;1.23-1.82/PRadj2=3,12;2,31-4,21), regular oral health perception (PRadj=1.21;1.08-1.37), chronic health condition (PRadj1=1.58;1.11-2.40), insomnia/EDS complaints (PRadj1=2.45;2.14-2.79/PRadj2=3.46;2.77-4.33), social support (PRadj1=1.14;1.01-1.30) and living in urban areas (PRadj2=1.32;1.02- 1.72). The prospective design revealed 40 (25.97%;19.04-32.89) deaths in the period and 48 (30.76%;23.52-38.01) cardio-cerebrovascular events. Men presented higher risk (RR=1.88;1.01-3.50) of death. Depression (RR=2.04; 1.06-3.89), insomnia severity (RR=2.39;1.52-4.56) and sleep latency between 16-30 minutes (RR=3.54;1.26-9.94) and 31-60 minutes (RR=2.23;1.12-4.47) increase the risk of death independently in community-dwelling elderly. Cardiovascular events were predicted only by hypertensive and/or diabetic elderly (RR=8.30;1.98-34.82). The complaints of RFS reduction, insomnia/EDS affect almost a third of the Brazilian population and are closely related to emotional conditions, chronicity and urbanization. Complaints of insomnia severity and difficulty in initiating sleep seem to increase mortality in the elderly along with depressive symptoms. |
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